Compare the concept of development in pre-British and British period.
Answers
Answer:
Introduction to Indian Economy during Pre-British Period:
During the pre-British period, i.e. during the mid-eighteenth century, the condition of Indian economy was not at all satisfactory. Just after the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, the central power at Delhi was so weak that the situation had led to disintegration and gradual downfall of deep rooted Mughal Empire.
During 1750, the Indian economy was passing through recurrence of crisis and disorders because by this time the central power at Delhi was either weakened or disappeared.
Answer:
Pre -British period : The state of Indian agriculture during the pre-British era, or the middle of the eighteenth century, was not at all good. In those days, India's primary means of subsistence was agriculture. The economic situation of Indian farmers was extremely difficult.
British period : A process of establishing government in which one nation rules over another nation on a political, economic, social, and cultural level is known as colonisation.
Explanation:
Self-Sufficient Village Economy in Pre-British Times:
A fundamental aspect of pre-British Indian society was the self-sufficient hamlet, centered on agriculture carried out using a crude plough and bullock power as well as handicrafts using basic tools.
Indian villages had a good deal of political autonomy from the higher levels of the political system prior to the British occupation of India. This was a result of the inadequate communication infrastructure and disjointed road system. Kings gave villages the freedom to manage their own daily affairs. The panchayats in each village used to resolve conflicts and uphold law and order.
Reasons why pre-British Indian self-sufficient villages fell apart:
- Introduction to the Pre-British Indian Economy: The Indian economy was in a very precarious state during the pre-British era, or in the middle of the eighteenth century. The central leadership in Delhi was so weak immediately following Aurangzeb's death in 1707 that the result was the gradual breakdown of the deeply ingrained Mughal Empire.
- Pre-British Indian Villages and Village Communities: The pre-British village community was made up of many groupings based on a straightforward division of labor. There were farmers who cared for cattle and farmed land. Weavers, goldsmiths, potters, washermen, carpenters, cobblers, oil pressers, barber-surgeons, etc. were among other kinds of individuals.
- Agriculture in India in the Pre-British Period: Indian agriculture in the Pre-British period, or in the middle of the eighteenth century, was in no way satisfactory. In those days, India's primary means of subsistence was agriculture. The economic situation of Indian farmers was extremely difficult. The then-administrators of the country required poor farmers to pay a high rate of taxes, which resulted in a high level of exploitation on their part.
- Prices and Wages in the Pre-British Period: The cost of food grains used to vary greatly from location to place during the pre-British period. In the absence of suitable transportation and communication infrastructure, the markets for the majority of commodities were mostly confined to local areas.
British period development :
- There was some infrastructure development under British administration in the areas of railways, ports, water transportation, posts, and telegraphs, but this development was purely motivated by the British government's colonial interests.
- They have never been motivated by the expansion of the Indian economy.
Reasons for infrastructure development :
- Railways : Britishers sought to increase the size of the market for their products, so they built railways to physically transport finished goods from Britain to the interior regions of colonial India.
- Roads : Roads were built to make it easier to move the British Army throughout India and to convey raw products from different regions of the nation to the port or the nearest railroad station where they could be shipped to Britain.
- Ports : Ports were created to import completed items from Britain and export raw materials.
- Interaction : The expensive electric telegraph system in India was created to increase administrative effectiveness. Posts and telegraphs were created to keep the peace.
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