Compare the followings
I) Potassium atom and ion
II) Chlorine atom and ion
in terms of electronic configuration, reactivity and size.
Answers
I) Potassium atom and ion
A potassium atom, K is in its normal elemental state with 1 valence electron in it's most outer shell. It also has an equal amount of electrons and protons- 19 of each. However the potassium ion has lost it's valence electron and has therefore formed a positive action, K+ .
II) Chlorine atom and ion
Chlorine is a naturally occurring element with a symbol Cl and atomic number 17. Whereas, Chloride is an ion of chlorine. Basically, when atoms gain or lose electrons, they become ions. Chlorine atoms gain one electron to become a chloride ion (Cl−).
electronic configuration
In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals. For example, the electron configuration of the neon atom is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶, using the notation explained below
reactivity and size.
The Effect of Atomic Radius. The smaller the atomic radius, the more influence the nucleus has on reactivity. Since the nucleus of an atom contains positively charged protons, it also attracts electrons. Halogen atoms already want to gain electrons, so the added force of nuclear pull makes them more reactive.
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