compare the properties ( taste, texture, solubility and corrosiveness) of acids and bases
Answers
Physical Properties of Acid
The word “acid” comes from the Latin word for sour. This distinguishable property helps identify acids from other compounds such as salt and bases. Many acids can be hazardous if ingested and shouldn’t be tasted.
Once the acid binds to the base, it becomes a neutral substance. Often this reaction can lead to water and salt. This is often seen when strong acids react with strong bases.
The acids are driving electricity. Outside this, the batteries are used to produce electricity. The acid that conducts electricity strongly is a strong acid, and the acid that conducts electricity weakly is a weak acid.
Chemical Properties of Acid and Bases
1. Reactions of Acids and Bases with Metals
When a metal reacts with an acid, it generally displaces hydrogen from the acids. This leads to the evolution of hydrogen gas. The metals combine with remaining part of acids to form a salt. For example reaction of sulphuric acid with zinc.
H2SO4 + Zn → ZnSO4 + H2
Alkalis (bases that are soluble in water) react with the metal to produce salt and hydrogen gas. For example reaction of zinc with sodium hydroxide.
2 NaOH + Zn → Na2ZnO2 + H2
2. The Reaction of Metal Carbonates/Metal Bicarbonates with Acids
Metal carbonates/metal bicarbonates react with acids to produce salt, carbon dioxide and water. For example the reaction of sodium carbonate/sodium bicarbonate with hydrochloric acid.
Na2CO3 + HCl (aq) → 2NaCl (aq) + H2O(l) + CO2
3. The Reaction of Metal Oxide with Acids
Metal oxides react with acids to produce salt and water. For example reaction of copper oxide and dilute hydrochloric acid.
CuO + 2HCl → CuCl2 + H2
4. The Reaction of Non-metal Oxide with Bases
Non-metal oxides react with bases to produce salt and water. For example the reaction of carbon dioxide and lime water (calcium hydroxide)
CO2 + Ca (OH)2 → CaCO3 + H2O
5. The Reaction between Acids and Bases
Acids react with bases to produce salt and water. The reaction between acids and bases to give salts is known as neutralization reactions. For example the reaction of sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid.
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
Neutralization of Acid and Base
The reaction between an acid and a base invariably gives salt and water and is called neutralization. In a neutralization reaction, one H+ ion of acid is neutralized by one OH– ion is base. When all the H+ ions in the acidic solution are neutralized by the same number of OH– ions of basic solution, it is called complete neutralization. The relative amounts of acid and base required for complete neutralization depends upon the total number of H+ and OH– ions produced by the respective acid and base.