Question

Comparison between different research designs

Answer 1

Qualitative ResearchQuantitative Research
Induction
Purposes
• Generates theory from observations.
• Oriented to discovery, exploration.
Procedures
• Emergent design.
• Merges data collection and analysis.
Deduction
Purposes
• Tests theory through observations.
• Oriented to cause and effect.
Procedures
• Predetermined design.
• Separates data collection and analysis.
Subjectivity
Purposes
• Emphasizes meanings, interpretation.
• Tries to understand others’ perspectives.
Procedures
• Researcher is involved, close to the data.
• Researcher is the “research instrument.”
Objectivity
Purposes
• Emphasizes things that can be measured.
• Results do not depend on beliefs.
Procedures
• Researcher is detached, distant from the data.
• Relies on standardized protocols.
Context
Purposes
• Emphasizes specific depth and detail.
• Analyzes holistic systems.
Procedures
• Uses a naturalistic approach.
• Relies on a few purposively chosen cases.
Generality
Purposes
• Emphasizes generalization and replication.
• Analyzes variables.
Procedures
• Uses experimental and statistical controls.
• Works across a larger number of cases.
Table 3.1 Comparing Qualitative and Quantitative Research