complete and balance the following equations: i) calcium + hydrochloric acid ---------> calcium chloride + water ii) zinc + sodium hydroxide ---------> sodium zincate + water iii) calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid ----------> calcium chloride + carbon dioxide + water
Answers
Answer:
acid base and salt
Base: Base is bitter in taste and feels soapy on touch. A base turns red litmus paper blue.
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate (washing soda), lime (Calcium oxide), potassium hydroxide (caustic potash), etc. are examples of base.
Types of base: Base can be divided in two types – Water soluble and water insoluble.
The ionic salt of alkali and alkaline earth metals are soluble in water. These are also known as alkali. For example – sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, etc. Alkali is considered as strong base.
Reaction of Base with Metals:
When alkali (base) reacts with metal, it produces salt and hydrogen gas.
Alkali + Metal ⇨ Salt + Hydrogen
Example: Sodium hydroxide gives hydrogen gas and sodium zincate when reacts with zinc metal.
2NaOH + Zn ⇨ Na2ZnO2 + H2
Sodium aluminate and hydrogen gas are formed when sodium hydroxide reacts with aluminium metal.
2NaOH + 2Al + 2H2O ⇨ 2NaAlO2 + 2H2
Reaction of base with oxides of non-metals:
Non-metal oxides are acidic in nature. For example; carbon dioxide is a non-metal oxide. When carbon dioxide is dissolved in water it produces carbonic acid.
Therefore, when a base reacts with non-metal oxide both neutralize each other resulting respective salt and water are produced.
Base + Non-metal oxide ⇨ Salt + Water
Example: Sodium hydroxide gives sodium carbonate and water when it reacts with carbon dioxide.
2NaOH + CO2 ⇨ Na2CO3 + H2O
Calcium hydroxide gives calcium carbonate and water when it reacts with carbon dioxide.
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 ⇨ CaCO3 + H2O
Explanation:
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