complete notes of class 9 chapter 7 diversity in living organisms questions from chapter
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Introduction to Taxonomy
Diversity
Diversity is the presence of different organisms in the same ecosystem or geographical location.
Diversity gives a chance for a more balanced ecosystem.
Evolution
Evolution is the slow process by which the organisms change according to their needs to survive the environment around them.
Evolution leads to the formation of new organisms and more diversity in the ecosystem.
Charles Darwin
Charles Darwin was an English biologist and a naturalist.
He travelled on HMS Beagle to Galapagos Island in South America.
Using his observation, he proposed the theory of evolution in his book On the Origin of Species.
Taxonomy
Taxonomy is the branch of science that deals with the classification of organisms.
:Taxonomical Hierarchy
Hierarchy of Classification Kingdom
A kingdom is the highest level of classification which consists of a number of phyla or divisions (in case of plants) with similar characteristics.
Phylum/Division
Phylum/Division is a level of classification which consists of a number of classes with similar characteristics.
Class
A class is the level of classification which consists of a number of orders with similar characteristics.
Order
An order is the level of classification which consists of a number of families with similar characteristics.
Family
A family is the level of classification which consists of a number of Genus with similar characteristics.
Genus
Genus is the level of classification which consists of a number of species with similar characteristics.
Species
Species is the level of classification which consists of a number of organisms with similar characteristics and can interbreed to give rise to a fertile offspring.