Complete the given boxes according to the numbers given in the image and explain how solar panel works?
Answers
Answer : solar photovoltaic (PV) panels transform sunlight into useable electricity .Solar PV panels are comprised of many small photovoltaic cells – photovoltaic meaning they can convert sunlight into electricity. These cells are made of semi-conductive materials, most often silicon, a material that can conduct electricity while maintaining the electrical imbalance needed to create an electric field.When sunlight hits the semiconductor in the solar PV cell (step 1 in our high level review) the energy from the light, in the form of photons, is absorbed, knocking loose a number of electrons, which then drift freely in the cell. The solar cell is specifically designed with positively and negatively charged semiconductors sandwiched together to create an electric field (see the image to the left for a visualization). This electric field forces the drifting electrons to flow in a certain direction- towards the conductive metal plates that line the cell. This flow is known as an energy current, and the strength of the current determines how much electricity each cell can produce. Once the loose electrons hit metal plates, the current is then directed into wires, allowing the electrons to flow like they would in any other source of electric generation (step 2 in our process).
As the solar panel generates an electric current, the energy flows through a series of wires to an inverter (see step 3 above). While solar panels generate direct current (DC) electricity, most electricity consumers need alternating current (AC) electricity to power their buildings. The inverter’s function is to turn the electricity from DC to AC, making it accessible for everyday use.
After the electricity is transformed into a usable state (AC power), it is sent from the inverter to the electrical panel (also called a breaker box) [step 4], and distributed throughout the building as needed. The electricity is now readily available to power lights, appliances, and other electrical devices with solar energy.
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