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According to the Hindu stories, the demon Mahishasur had been troubling all the Gods of the Swarg Lok and the living beings since he had acquired undefeatable power. Even the mighty gods, Lord Vishnu, Lord Shiva and Lord Brahma couldn't defeat him themselves. So they decided to do something in order to free the living beings and restore the Swarg Lok.
According to the Hindu stories, the demon Mahishasur had been troubling all the Gods of the Swarg Lok and the living beings since he had acquired undefeatable power. Even the mighty gods, Lord Vishnu, Lord Shiva and Lord Brahma couldn't defeat him themselves. So they decided to do something in order to free the living beings and restore the Swarg Lok.So they gave rise to Goddess Durgs who is despotism of Ma Shakti and gave her the god-like weapons. As promised, she killed Mahishasur and so Vijayadashmi is celebrated as her victory over him.
Ramayana
Ravana kidnapped Sita. Rama requested Ravana to release her, but Ravana refused; the situation escalated and lead to the war. After performing severe penance for ten thousand years, Ravana received a boon from the creator-god Brahma: he could henceforth not be killed by gods, demons, or spirits. He is portrayed as a powerful demon king who disturbs the penances of rishis. Lord Vishnu incarnates as the human Rama to defeat and kill him, thus circumventing the boon given by Lord Brahma. A deadly and fierceful battle takes place between Rama and Ravana in which Rama kills Ravana and ends the evil rule. Ravana has ten heads. The killing of the one who has ten heads is called Dusshera. Finally, Dharma was established on the Earth because of Rama's victory over Ravana. Thus this festival is celebrated reminding the victories of Good over Evil.
Mahabharata
In the Mahabharata,the Pandavas are known to have spent their thirteenth year of exile in disguise in the kingdom of Virata. Before going to Virata, they are known to have hung their celestial weapons in a Shami tree for safekeeping for a year. Bhima kills Kichak. Hearing about the death of Kichak, Duryodhana surmises that the Pandavas were hiding in Matsya. A host of Kaurava warriors attacks Virata, presumably to steal their cattle, but in reality, desiring to pierce the Pandavas' veil of anonymity. Full of bravado, Virata's son Uttara attempts to take on the army by himself while the rest of the Matsya army has been lured away to fight Susharma and the Trigartas. As suggested by Draupadi, Uttar takes Brihannala with him, as his charioteer. When he sees the Kaurava army, Uttara loses his nerve and attempts to flee. Then Arjuna reveals his identity and those of his brothers'. Arjuna takes Uttar to the tree where the Pandavas hid their weapons. Arjun picks up his Gandiva after worshipping the tree, as the Shami tree safeguarded the Pandavas’ weapons for that complete year. Arjuna reties the thread of Gandiva, simply drags and releases it - which produces a terrible twang. At the same point of time, Kaurava warriors were eagerly waiting to spot Pandavas. Dispute talks took place between Karna and Drona. Karn told Duryodhan that he would easily defeat Arjuna and doesn’t feel threatened by Drona’s words since Drona was intentionally praising Arjuna, as Arjuna was a favorite student of Drona. Ashwathama supports his father by praising Arjuna. Then Arjuna arrives on the battlefield. Eager to defend the land that had given him refuge, Arjuna engaged the legion of Kaurava warriors. The battle starts between Arjuna and the entire Kuru Army. All the warriors including Bhishma, Drona, Karna, Kripa and Ashwathama together attacked Arjuna to kill him, but Arjuna defeated all of them multiple times. During the battle, Arjuna also killed Sangramjita, the foster brother of Karna, and instead of taking revenge for his brother, Karna fled in order to save his life from Arjuna. Karna tried to fly away from Arjuna but he could not since Arjuna invoked Sammohanaastra which made the entire army fall asleep. This is the war in which Arjuna proved that he was the best archer in the world at his time. In this way Arjuna alone defeated the entire Kuru army consisting of ten thousands of soldiers, Maharathis : Bhishma, Drona, Karna ; Atirathis : Kripa, Ashwatthama. One of the names of Arjuna is Vijaya - ever victorious. This incident took place on the same day in which Lord Ram killed Ravana. As it was Arjuna’s day, the day also became popular as "Vijaya Dashami"