Question

Composition of parliamentary form of government in india

Answer 1

Indian Constitution is a wonderful and very unique in respect of the provisions to form the government in India. By and large it's a Parliamentary system, on the model of UK's westminster model, where the legislative body is the  supreme body and it represents the people of the nation, and the members of the legislative body, known as Parliament, are directly elected by people. And the parliament elects it's government, it's own members as ministers in the government and headed by the prime minister. The Prime minister and the government continue in the office only to the confidence and trust of the parliament. 

In Parliamentary system, the head of the nation state  is different from the head of the government,  and often the head of state is only a ceremonial post only, without any direct power over the governant . In UK the head of state is the Monarch family, presently queen Elizabeth heads the state. However in India, the head of state that is President, is not just ceremonial post, but it is elected through the legislative bodies both at the centre that is Parliament and in the states, that are state assemblies. The President of India has been given certain constitutional power in appointment of the PM and his government, as decided by the Parliament, but by and large it has to go by the counsel of the government only. 

Thus India, the largest democracy in the world, is an unique kind of Parliamentary system, which has been successfully working in this nation for last more than 68 years.Modern democratic govts are classified into Parliamentary and Presidential on the basis of the nature of the relations between the Executive and Legislative organs of the Govt.
1. In the Parliamentary System, Executive is responsible to the legislature for its policies and acts. e.g., in India, Council of Minister representing Govt of India is responsible to the House of the People i.e. Lok Sabha.
In the Presidential system, Executive is constitutionally independent of the Legislature  and is not responsible to later for its policies and acts.

2. Parliamentary govt is also typically called Cabinet Govt or Westminster Model of Govt. e.g. Govts of India, UK, Japan, etc.
Presidential system is called non-responsible or fixed executive system of govt. e.g. Govts of USA, Brazil, etc.

3.  In the parliamentary system of Govt The Head of the State and the Head of the Govt are two different posts. In India. Head of the state is President while the Head of the Govt is Prime Minister. In the presidential System of Govt, Head of the state and Head of the Govt are same and that is President like in USA.

4. In the parliamentary system of Govt, Collective responsibility principle  prevails i.e. Cabinet acts as a team and swim and sink together and cabinet is responsible to Lok Sabha. In the Presidential System, there is no such principle of collective responsibility. Even the individual ministers are responsible to the President and remain on their post during the pleasure of the President

Answer 2

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$\implies$The Parliamentary form of government was chosen in India because:

1. In Parliamentary form of government ,the Executive is a part of the Legislature so there are less chances of conflict.

2. The harmonious relationship between the legislature and the executive ensures efficiency in Parliamentary form of government.

3. Parliamentary form of government ensures more responsibility of the Cabinet to the people.

4. Parliamentary form of government is more elastic and flexible than Presidential form of government.

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