conclusion & result of diffusion of two gases
Answers
Answer:
The results of the experiment: -In the test tube, the two gases will diffuse towards each other. -When the two gases meet inside the test tube they react with one another and form a ring of Ammonium chloride that is white in color. ... Lighter gases diffuse faster than heavier gases.
GIVEN =
A length of glass tube about half a metre long with an inside diameter of about 2 cm (note 1)
Retort stands with bosses and clamps x2
Small wads of cotton wool x2
Bungs x2 (to fit into the ends of the glass tube)
Strip of universal indicator paper (optional)
CHEMICAL=
Concentrated hydrochloric acid (CORROSIVE), a few cm3 (note 2)
880 ammonia solution (CORROSIVE, DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT), a few cm3 (note 2)
Acetone (FLAMMABLE), a few cm3 (optional, note 1)
EQUIPMENT=
It is very important that the tube is clean and completely dry for this experiment. If necessary, the tube can be dried by pushing a cotton wool pad soaked in acteone through the tube and leaving it for a few minutes.
The concentrated hydrochloric acid and the 880 ammonia solution are easier to handle in small bottles than in Winchesters (large bottles) for this demonstration.
Health, safety and technical notes
Read our standard health and safety guidance
The demonstrator should wear goggles and protective gloves.
Concentrated hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq), (CORROSIVE) – see CLEAPSS Hazcard HC047a. Produces hydrogen chloride gas, HCl(g), (TOXIC, CORROSIVE) – see CLEAPSS Hazcard HC049.
880 ammonia solution, NH3(aq), (CORROSIVE, DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT) – see CLEAPSS Hazcard HC006. Produces ammonia gas, NH3(g), (TOXIC) – see CLEAPSS Hazcard HC005. Care should be taken when opening the bottle of ammonia solution, particularly on hot days when pressure can build up in the bottle. If the bottle of ammonia is kept for a long time, its concentration may decrease which will lessen the effectiveness of the demonstration.
PROCUDURE=
Working in the fume cupboard, clamp the glass tube at either end, ensuring that it is horizontal.
Open the bottle of ammonia solution cautiously, pointing the bottle away from both you and the audience. Open the bottle of hydrochloric acid and hold the stopper near the mouth of the ammonia bottle. Note the white clouds of ammonium chloride that form.
Put one of the cotton wool wads in the mouth of the ammonia bottle and carefully invert it to soak one side of it. Push the soaked end into one end of the glass tube. Replace the lid on the bottle.
Repeat this procedure quickly with a second wad of cotton wool and hydrochloric acid. Put the cotton wool wad into the other end of the glass tube.
Putting bungs into the ends of the glass tube will reduce the quantity of the gases which escape and therefore the smell. Once assembled, the tube can be removed from the fume cupboard.
Watch the tube and observe a ring of white powder forming near the middle of the tube. This is ammonium chloride.<
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