Conclusion for project 'chemicals in medicines'.
Answers
Answer:
Medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistryare disciplines at the intersection of chemistry, especially synthetic organic chemistry, and pharmacology and various other biological specialties, where they are involved with design, chemical synthesis and development for market of pharmaceutical agents, or bio-active molecules (drugs).
Medicinal chemistry seeks to develop therapeutic agents. Pharmacophore model of the benzodiazepine binding site on the GABAA receptor
Compounds used as medicines are most often organic compounds, which are often divided into the broad classes of small organic molecules (e.g., atorvastatin, fluticasone, clopidogrel) and "biologics" (infliximab, erythropoietin, insulin glargine), the latter of which are most often medicinal preparations of proteins (natural and recombinant antibodies, hormones etc.). Inorganic and organometalliccompounds are also useful as drugs (e.g., lithium and platinum-based agents such as lithium carbonateand cisplatin as well as gallium).
In particular, medicinal chemistry in its most common practice—focusing on small organic molecules—encompasses synthetic organic chemistry and aspects of natural products and computational chemistry in close combination with chemical biology, enzymology and structural biology, together aiming at the discovery and development of new therapeutic agents. Practically speaking, it involves chemical aspects of identification, and then systematic, thorough synthetic alteration of new chemical entities to make them suitable for therapeutic use. It includes synthetic and computational aspects of the study of existing drugs and agents in development in relation to their bioactivities (biological activities and properties), i.e., understanding their structure-activity relationships(SAR). Pharmaceutical chemistry is focused on quality aspects of medicines and aims to assure fitness for purpose of medicinal products.
At the biological interface, medicinal chemistry combines to form a set of highly interdisciplinary sciences, setting its organic, physical, and computational emphases alongside biological areas such as biochemistry, molecular biology, pharmacognosy and pharmacology, toxicology and veterinary and human medicine; these, with project management, statistics, and pharmaceutical business practices, systematically oversee altering identified chemical agents such that after pharmaceutical formulation, they are safe and efficacious, and therefore suitable for use in treatment of disease.
Explanation
The fields of synthetic organic chemistry, pharmacology, and various other biological specialties come together to form the fields of medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry. These fields are involved in the design, chemical synthesis, and development of pharmaceutical agents, or bioactive molecules, for use in medicine (drugs).
Therapeutic agent development is the goal of medicinal chemistry. Model of the benzodiazepine binding site on the GABAA receptor in pharmacophore
The majority of substances that are used as medications are organic substances, which can be broadly categorized into two groups: small organic molecules (such as atorvastatin, fluticasone, and clopidogrel) and "biologics" (such as infliximab, erythropoietin, and insulin glargine), with the latter group typically consisting of protein-based medications (natural and recombinant antibodies, hormones etc.). Drugs can also be made from inorganic and organometallic substances (e.g., lithium and platinum-based agents such as lithium carbonate and cisplatin as well as gallium).
Aiming to discover and develop new therapeutic agents, medicinal chemistry, in particular, encompasses synthetic organic chemistry, aspects of natural products, and computational chemistry in close collaboration with chemical biology, enzymology, and structural biology. This field is most commonly used to study small organic molecules. It entails chemical aspects of identification and then systematic, complete synthetic change of novel chemical entities to make them appropriate for therapeutic application. It comprises studying current medications and agents under development in regard to their bioactivities (biological activities and qualities), i.e., understanding the links between structure and activity (SAR). Pharmaceutical chemistry is concerned with the quality of medications and works to ensure the appropriateness of medical goods.
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