conduct an experiment to prove the conservation of mechanical energy and write a report on it?
Answers
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Let us consider several ways in which the translational speed of a small sphere can be measured.
- Use a police radar speed gun: A radar gun or speed gun is a small Doppler radar unit used to detect the speed of objects, especially trucks and automobiles for the purpose of regulating traffic, as well as pitched baseballs, runners or other moving objects in sports. It relies on the Doppler Effect applied to a radar beam to measure the speed of objects at which it is pointed. Radar guns may be hand-held or vehicle-mounted; see "Radar gun" or "Police RADAR".
A radar speed gun measures the instantaneous speed of the sphere. As the sphere rolls down the ramp, its speed changes. It would be difficult to read the radar gun at the precise moment when the small sphere reaches the bottom of the ramp.
Use an ultra sonic motion detector: The sonic motion detector transmits a burst of ultrasonic pulses. The ultrasonic pulses reflect off a target and return to the face of the sensor. The target indicator flashes when the transducer detects an echo. The sensor measures the time between the trigger rising edge and the echo rising edge. It uses this time and the speed of sound to calculate the distance to the object. To determine velocity, it uses consecutive position measurements to calculate the rate of change of position. See, for example, PASCO or Vernier.
In general, a sonic motion detector used in a physics lab can only detect objects no smaller than a baseball. Measuring the speed of a small steel marble would be unreliable.
- Use a photogate: A photogate monitors the motion of objects passing through its gate, counting events as the object breaks the infrared beam. If the size of the object is known, by measuring the time an object blocks the gate, you can determine the velocity. See, for example, Vernier or PASCO.
The size of the infrared beam from a photogate is not small compared to the diameter of the sphere. Thus you could not make an accurate determination of the length passing through the infrared beam.
- Use kinematics: Once the sphere leaves the ramp, it is under free fall. By measuring the vertical and horizontal components of the sphere's displacement after it leaves the ramp, you can determine the sphere's speed at the end of the ramp. Measuring the horizontal and vertical displacements of the sphere does not involve the use of motion detectors or photogates and is straight forward. You will use this method for the experience.
Answer:
Take a long thread say 60 cm long
2 attach a small heavy object like a metal ball at one end
3 tie other e.nd to a nail fixed to the wall as shown
4 the Bob swing towards opposite side and reaches the point A2 it repeats the motion over & over again..