Question

Connecting a lead from negative to the positive of a battery will produce ?

Answer 1

A battery's positive terminal does have a positive potential. ie, a test positive charge will repel it and a test negative charge will attract it. Vice versa for negative terminal. From the paper below (Section 1.2.1), it seems abundantly clear that the battery will have positive and negative potential on respective terminals.

Given 'point 1', above, connecting the positive terminal of battery A to negative terminal of battery B will lead to current flow in the conductor.

If the potential difference only comes into effect when the circuit is closed using the terminals of the same battery (due to cell chemistry), then does that mean that 'point 1' will not be valid after this experiment (connecting positive terminal of A to negative terminal of B)?

If it is only a tiny quantity of current that flows, then will it ever stop? And what determines this quantity? (Equation would be nice