Consider the nitration of benzene using mixed conc. H2SO4 and HNO3. If a large amount of KHSO4 is added to the mixture, the rate of nitration will be :
Answers
Answer:
Benzene is formed in the nitration process of benzene using concentrated H₂SO₄ and HNO₃. The reaction is given by;
HNO₃ + H₂SO₄ ⇄ NO₂^(+) +HSO₄^(-) + H₂O
If a large amount of KHSO₄ is added to the mixture, more HSO₄^(-) ion furnishes and rate of electrophilic aromatic reaction tends to slow down which means that concentration of electrophile decreased.
Hence addition of a large amount of KHSO₄ is added to the mixture, the nitration rate tends to slow down.
H2SO4 and HNO3 is mixture produces the strong electrophile “the nitronium ion”.
Normally, Nironium ion is mainly produced with the sulphuric acid and the concentrated nitric acid.
Nitronium ion is attacked by benzene to produce the product Nitrobenzene.
If a large amount of KHSO4 is added to the mixture, the rate of nitration will be zero as the main reason is that the nitration of benzene is mixed with the mixed conc. H2SO4 and HNO3.