construction of large dams incurs a heavy cost on ecology of the area. Explain
Answers
Explanation:
Environmental impacts of dams can be both adverse and beneficial. Dams have intended and unintended impacts, though positive impacts can be both intended and unintended. Each of these types of impacts of dams can be inevitable in their entirety, reducible or totally avoidable.
Most adverse social and environmental impacts of dams were, till recently, ignored. Even now, such impacts are only partly reflected in the project’s financial and economic analyses.
While a financial analysis might reflect the direct costs of reforestation, catchment area treatment or of relocating and rehabilitating project affected persons (PAPs), many other costs remain unacknowledged.
Also, many of the environmental and social costs do not lend themselves easily to financial quantification.
Social impacts are the overarching impacts; all economic and environmental impacts also have social impacts. However, whereas economic impacts can all be seen as having essentially social impacts, environmental impacts affect not only human society but also other elements of nature.
Environmental Impacts of Dams
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Beneficial Environmental Impacts of Dams
Catchment benefits
For most recent projects, the environmental clearance conditions include treatment of the catchment area. Where this treatment is adequately undertaken and results in the regeneration of natural forests and other ecosystems in the catchment area