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Prove that if the two arms of an angle are perpendicular to the two arms of another angle, then the angles are either equal or supplementary.
Solution:
Given: two angles ∠ABC and ∠DEF such that BA is parallel to ED and BC is parallel to EF.
To prove: ∠ABC = ∠DEF or ∠ABC +∠DEF= 180°
Proof: the arms of the angles may be parallel in the same sense or in opp. sense , therefore, three cases arises:
Case1: when both pairs of arms are parallel in same sense

In this case: BA is parallel to ED and BC is transversal
therefore, ∠ABC= ∠1 [corresponding angles]
again , BC is parallel to EF and DE is transversal
therefore, ∠1= ∠DEF [corresponding angles]
hence, ∠ABC= ∠DEF
Case2: when both pairs of arms are parallel in opp. sense

In this case: BA is parallel to ED and BC is transversal
therefore, ∠ABC= ∠1 [corresponding angles]
again , FE is parallel to BC and ED is transversal
therefore, ∠DEF= ∠1 [alternate interior angles]
hence, ∠ABC= ∠DEF
Case3: when one pair of arms are parallel and other pair parallel in opp.

In this case: BA is parallel to ED and BC is transversal
therefore, ∠EGB= ∠ABC [alternate interior angles]
now,
BC is parallel to EF and DE is transversal
therefore, ∠DEF +∠EGB = 180° [co. interior angles]
⇒∠DEF+∠ABC = 180° [∠EGB=∠ABC]
hence, ∠ABC and ∠DEF are supplementary.
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Solution:
Given: two angles ∠ABC and ∠DEF such that BA is parallel to ED and BC is parallel to EF.
To prove: ∠ABC = ∠DEF or ∠ABC +∠DEF= 180°
Proof: the arms of the angles may be parallel in the same sense or in opp. sense , therefore, three cases arises:
Case1: when both pairs of arms are parallel in same sense

In this case: BA is parallel to ED and BC is transversal
therefore, ∠ABC= ∠1 [corresponding angles]
again , BC is parallel to EF and DE is transversal
therefore, ∠1= ∠DEF [corresponding angles]
hence, ∠ABC= ∠DEF
Case2: when both pairs of arms are parallel in opp. sense

In this case: BA is parallel to ED and BC is transversal
therefore, ∠ABC= ∠1 [corresponding angles]
again , FE is parallel to BC and ED is transversal
therefore, ∠DEF= ∠1 [alternate interior angles]
hence, ∠ABC= ∠DEF
Case3: when one pair of arms are parallel and other pair parallel in opp.

In this case: BA is parallel to ED and BC is transversal
therefore, ∠EGB= ∠ABC [alternate interior angles]
now,
BC is parallel to EF and DE is transversal
therefore, ∠DEF +∠EGB = 180° [co. interior angles]
⇒∠DEF+∠ABC = 180° [∠EGB=∠ABC]
hence, ∠ABC and ∠DEF are supplementary.
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