convert 1) ethanol to but 1-yne
2) ethane to bromoethene.
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Answers
Explanation:
1) We have to convert two carbon compound into 4 carbon compound. CH≡CH + CH3CH2Br → CH≡CH−CH2CH3 in the presence of NaNH2.
2) Ethane is converted to bromoethene by first reacting ethane with bromine in presence of U.V light to form bromoethane. Then bromoethane is reacted with alcoholic potassium hydroxide to form ethene.
) Ethanol to but-1-yne
ethanol
CH
3
−CH
2
−OH
+SOCl
2
Pyridine
ethyl chloride
CH
3
−CH
2
−Cl
+SO
2
↑+HCl↑
acetylene
HC≡CH
+NaNH
2
liq.NH
3
sodium acetylide
HC≡C
−
Na
+
CH
3
−CH
2
−Cl+HC≡C
−
Na
+
→
but−1−yne
CH
3
−CH
2
−C≡CH
+NaCl
ii) Ethane to bromoethene
ethane
CH
3
−CH
3
+Br
2
UV light
CH
3
−CH
2
Br
alc.KOH
−HBr
CH
2
=CH
2
Br
2
Br−CH
2
−CH
2
−Br
Br−CH
2
−CH
2
−Br
alc.KOH
−HBr
bromoethene
CH
2
=CHBr
iii) Propene to 1-nitropropane
propene
CH
3
−CH=CH
2
+HBr
Peroxide
CH
3
−CH
2
−CH
2
Br
AgNO
2
1−nitropropane
CH
3
−CH
2
−CH
2
NO
2
+AgBr
iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol
toluene
C
6
H
5
−CH
3
+Cl
2
UV light
C
6
H
5
−CH
2
Cl
NaOH
benzyl alcohol
C
6
H
5
−CH
2
OH
+NaCl
v) Propene to Propyne
propene
CH
3
−CH=CH
2
+Br
2
CCl
4
CH
3
−CH(Br)−CH
2
(Br)
NaNH
2
liqNH
3
propyne
CH
3
−C≡CH
vi) Ethanol to ethyl fluoride
ethyl alcohol
CH
3
−CH
2
OH
+HCl
ZnCl
2
ethyl chloride
CH
3
−CH
2
−Cl
+H
2
O
CH
3
CH
2
−Cl+AgF→
ethyl fluoride
CH
3
−CH
2
−F
(Swarts reaction)
vii) Bromomthane to propanone
bromomethane
CH
3
−Br
KCN
CH
3
−CN
CH
3
−Mg−Br
CH
3
−CCH
3
=NMgBr
hydrolysis
propanone
CH
3
−CO−CH
3
viii) But-1-ene to but-2-ene
But−1−ene
CH
3
−CH
2
−CH=CH
2
HBr
Markownikoff
′
s rule
CH
3
−CH
2
−CH(Br)−CH
3
alc.KOH
−HBr
but−2−ene
CH
3
−CH=CH−CH
3
ix) 1-chlorobutane to n-octane
Wurtz synthesis
1−chlorobutane
2CH
3
−CH
2
−CH
2
−CH
2
−Cl
+2Na
dry ether
n−octane
CH
3
−(CH
2
)
6
−CH
3
+2NaCl
x) Benzene to biphenyl
benzene
C
6
H
6
+Br
2
dark,Fe
bromobenzene
C
6
H
5
−Br
Wurtz-Fittig reaction
2C
6
H
5
−Br+2Na
dry ether
biphenyl
C
6
H
5
−C
6
H
5
+2NaBr