convert chloro benzene into phenyl cyanide
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Answer:
A nucleophilic substitution reaction occurs when one nucleophile is replaced by another.
Explanation:
Chlorobenzene gets converted into phenyl cyanide by heating it with cuprous cyanide (CuCN) at about 250 degrees celsius in the presence of pyridone.
The reaction is as follows below:
C₆H₅Cl + CuCN → C₆H₅CN + CuCl
This reaction is known as the nucleophilic substitution reaction.
Haloarenes(chlorobenzene) have a negative charge because the halogen donates a single pair of electrons and it results in delocalization.
It is excess in negative charge because the negative charge has been delocalized all around the aromatic ring.
As a result, it only accepts positive charges. It is a nucleophilic substitution when chlorobenzene reacts with potassium cyanide since cyanide is a nucleophile. Electron-electron repulsion takes place.
Haloarenes can only be attacked by the electrophile.
Additionally, the halogen-attached carbon has undergone sp² hybridization. As a result, nucleophilic substitution is difficult.
Hence, chloro benzene gets converted into phenyl cyanide by heating it with cuprous cyanide (CuCN) at about 250 degrees celsius in the presence of pyridone.
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