CORAL REEFS Project , include introduction, explanation, advantages, destruction by various activities, conclusion. Plz answer as long as possible!
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Answer:
A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Reefs are formed of colonies of coral polyps held together by calcium carbonate. Most coral reefs are built from stony corals, whose polyps cluster in groups.
Coral belongs to the class Anthozoa in the animal phylum Cnidaria, which includes sea anemones and jellyfish. Unlike sea anemones, corals secrete hard carbonate exoskeletons that support and protect the coral. Most reefs grow best in warm, shallow, clear, sunny and agitated water. Coral reefs first appeared 485 million years ago, at the dawn of the Early Ordovician, displacing the microbial and sponge reefs of the Cambrian.[1]
Sometimes called rainforests of the sea,[2] shallow coral reefs form some of Earth's most diverse ecosystems. They occupy less than 0.1% of the world's ocean area, about half the area of France, yet they provide a home for at least 25% of all marine species,[3][4][5][6] including fish, mollusks, worms, crustaceans, echinoderms, sponges, tunicates and other cnidarians.[7] Coral reefs flourish in ocean waters that provide few nutrients. They are most commonly found at shallow depths in tropical waters, but deep water and cold water coral reefs exist on smaller scales in other areas.
Coral reefs deliver ecosystem services for tourism, fisheries and shoreline protection. The annual global economic value of coral reefs is estimated between US$30–375 billion[8][9] and US$9.9 trillion.[10] Coral reefs are fragile, partly because they are sensitive to water conditions. They are under threat from excess nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), rising temperatures, oceanic acidification, overfishing (e.g., from blast fishing, cyanide fishing, spearfishing on scuba), sunscreen use,[11] and harmful land-use practices, including runoff and seeps (e.g., from injection wells and cesspools).[12][13][14]
Answer:
♡. CORAL REEFS PROJECT -
Project REGENERATE :
☆. The Maldives, a low-lying atoll nation in the Indian Ocean, is a country at high risk from the impacts of climate change; including increasing sea surface temperatures, coral bleaching, ocean acidification, sea-level rise and changing rainfall patterns. The Maldives is highly dependent on its dazzling and world-renowned coral reefs for its tourism and fishing industries. Coral reefs play a fundamental role in food provision, shoreline protection and tourism revenue. However, coral reefs are also highly susceptible to climate change and the Maldives has already been impacted by mass coral bleaching in 1998, 2010 and 2016 that killed a majority of shallow corals. Fortunately, Maldivian coral reefs have also shown great capacity for resilience in the past with coral recovery being among the best recorded in the Indian Ocean.
▪︎Recognising that sound coastal resource management is critical to sustainable development and climate adaptation, the Government of Maldives is developing and implementing policies to protect coral reefs and support marine management. Project REGENERATE is generously funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and works towards building capacity for marine management and climate change adaptation of ecosystems, local communities and government in the Maldives.
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