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Answer:
Answer of 1 question-Some of the major beneficial activities of bacteria are as follows:
Role in Nature:
1. Nature’s Scavengers:
Bacteria decompose organic matter, by decay and putrefaction, to keep our earth clean.
Decay is the aerobic decomposition of organic matter without the release of foul smell, while putrefaction is the anaerobic decomposition of organic compounds with the release of foul smell (NH3, H2S, and CH4).
2. Control of Pollution:
Acetobacter aerogens is known to decompose DDT. Peudomonas decomposes petroleum wastes and other man-made pollutants. Recentlyinbioremediauon technology, naturally or genetically modified bacteria are released to remove pollutants like heavy metals, dyes, pesticides, petroleum wastes, coal wastes etc. from environment. The purity of Ganga water is due to Bellovibrio bacteriovorous.
3. Disposal of Sewage and Agro-wastes:
Sewage is the household and industrial waste water discharges. Bacteria decompose organic wastes of wage and agriculture into humus which can improve soil fertility.
4. Symbiosis:
Symbiotic bacteria present in the rumen (1st chamber of stomach) of herbivore help in cellulose digestion. In human colon E. coli synthesize vitamins B and K.
5. Material Cycling:
Many bacteria and saprophytic fungi decompose dead organism- so that complex organic matter convert into simpler organic matter and subsequently into inorganic components which can be reused to make the living matter. Therefore, bacteria regulate biogeochemical cycles for C, H, S, P etc.
Role in Agriculture:
6. Gobargas (biogas):
In gobar gas plant bacteria can be used for production of methane (fuel gas) by anaerobic breakdown or fermentation on cow dung, animal wastes etc.
. Ensilage:
It is a preserved cattle feed or fodder prepared by bacterial activity.
8. Soil Fertility:
Some bacteria increase the soil fertility and acts as a Nature’s farmers. These bacteria involved in the decomposition and transformation of nitrogenous organic compounds maintenance of soil fertility. These are of three types-ammonifying bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, nitrogen fixing bacteria.
Answer of 2 question-Advantages of food preservation:
1) It decreases the food wastage.
2) It increases the storage period of perishable food materials.
3) It ensures the all year availability of seasonal food materials.
4)Preservation of food helps in storing food for long days and use it whenever it is necessary.
5) It helps a lot when ,their is any calamity or disaster.
6) Food is preserved in order to keep it fresh and make it ready food stuff whenever required. •
Answer of 3 question-
10 SURPRISING USES OF ALGAE
#1: Algae Is Efficient to Create BioFuel :-
Algae is one of the most efficient sources for creating biofuels, which makes great fiscal sense for many companies looking to increase their biofuel production. In fact, algae has been known to produce as much as 5,000 biofuel gallons from a single acre in one year.
#2: Algae Can Use Land That Would Otherwise Go to Waste:-
Algae is remarkable in the way that it grows because it does not need to take away space from traditional plants such as corn, wheat or beans. Algae can be grown almost anywhere as long as the proper conditions are created. Algae uses water that is not suited for regular crops and facilities can be built on any type of land, making it easy for farmers to farm algae in areas where traditional crops would not do well.
#3: Algae Can Be Used for Animal Feed :-
Algae has a high protein content and can be grown to have an even higher protein content. This helps to make algae ideal as an animal feed. Algae also has numerous micronutrients that can enrich standard animal feed.
READ ABOUT ALGAE AND BIOFUELS
#4: Algae Can Function As An Energy Source:-
The goal to create a biofuel has never been closer with algae becoming a real possibility. By extracting oil from the algae, the rest of the algae product can be used to create biofuel that fuels power generation sources. This helps take the pressure off of coal, natural gas and nuclear power. It is a comparable biofuel to hydroelectric and geothermal energy sources.
#5: Algae Can Be Used To Create Vegetable Oil:-
Many people think of olives, safflowers and peanuts as ways to create vegetable oils, but algae can also be used to create vegetable oils. In fact, some predict that algae may produce even more vegetable oil than these plants when grown and harvested properly.
#6: Algae is a Great Human Food Supplement:-
Unlike other plant foods, algae actually has a complete amino acid profile meaning that it is a complete protein. Algae can support human metabolic processes in ways that typical plants may not be able ti. Algae also has numerous nutrients including minerals and trace elements essential for optimal health.