Critically comment on the following lines Six o'clock. The burtout end of
smoky days."
Write an essay on "The Small Voice of History
Explain the Modernism in Indian English Literature
Answers
Answer:
This essay argues that Ranajit Guha's ‘The small voice of history’ and Arundhati Roy's The God of Small Things are defined by, and help define, the contemporary ‘historical-political conjuncture’ that locates the motors of social, disciplinary, and epistemological transformation in the inherently or potentially resistant properties of the oppressed subaltern subject. A comparative reading of two generically different cultural artifacts – a theoretical-critical essay and a novel – that addresses both overlaps and differences between them, this essay also addresses the larger body of cultural work through which this conjuncture is also constituted, particularly work which engages with the difficulties that accrue to the task of recuperating the consciousness/voice of the oppressed and their subjugated histories.
1:
The metaphor "the burnt-out ends of smoky days" compares the time of day to the ashes of a cigarette butt.
The term "smoky" also gives the image a dirty quality, as it describes air pollution in industrialised towns when coal was widely used as a source of energy.
Imagine the bleakness of a day filled with smoke, ending in tiredness.
Smoking a cigarette is also habitual, as is all of these city workers' conduct.
2:
Ranajit Guha is a famous Indian historian, as you may already know. "The Small Voice of History"—was published in a Subaltern Studies issue.
Subalterns, in case you didn't know, are folks who don't get a lot of attention or prominence. It is linked to persons who are regarded to be of lesser importance or rank.
Guha's essay's title emphasises the concept of subaltern identity. The necessity of hearing and listening to the small voices could be the focus of an investigation of Guha's essay and claims. People should not accept what Guha refers to as "statist discourse" without question in order to truly comprehend history. Guha believes that history is often focused on countries and powerful institutions.
Big voices have taken over history in some ways. Historians might make it appear as if state-sponsored acts are more important than those of those who are not affiliated to state-sanctioned apparatuses or movements. However, the marginalised should be given far greater attention.
Guha offers the Telangana movement as an example. Guha emphasises the crucial role women played in the fight to establish a distinct Telangana state in India. However, historians frequently overlook or minimise their active, powerful involvement. They've been pushed away from the limelight.
There are "a myriad of voices in civic society," according to Guha. Nonetheless, the state's power or those who are supposed to represent them "drown out" or hijack such voices.
The little voices, according to Guha, should be restored. They must be heard before anyone can attempt to fathom the complexities of history.
Guha's essay is still relevant today, in my opinion. His emphasis on minor voices could be compared to the present emphasis on hearing everyone's voice and narrative. Guha's essay could also be used to examine the trend of powerful persons claiming to speak for the downtrodden or underprivileged. The current discussion concerning descriptive versus substantive representation could be linked to Guha's concept of loud voices versus tiny voices.
3:
Indian modernism, like Indian modernity, defies neat classifications.
Literary modernism in India necessitates an acknowledgement of historical and locational specificities, much as experiences of modernity outside the Western world have produced narratives of 'alternative,' 'colonial,' or 'vernacular' modernities.
Attempts to chart modernism's trajectory in India are hampered by the confusing multiplicity of languages, communities, and literary cultures, the survival of oral traditions and uneven literacy levels, and the difficulties of political and economic reality in postcolonial India.
The category itself is Protean, with several meanings and accents in different places and settings; what follows is only a rough map to help you get started.
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