Question

critically examine the importance of land in the early medieval period?​

Answer 1

The early medieval period of Indian history may be seen as a transitional period wherein changes in almost all institutions and spheres of society viz. political, social, cultural as well as economy took place. In political sphere, due to the continuation as well as acceleration of land grants, the emergence of petty landed estates, the fragmentation or decentralization of political authority and the growth of lord-vassal relationship may be noticed as emerging new trends. In economic sphere, the decline of trade and commerce, decay of urban centres, paucity and irregular slow circulation of metallic money, the growing agrarian character of society and emergence of self-sufficient economy were the salient features of economy. In social sphere, the modification of var a system, proliferation of castes into hundreds of number and their rigidity were the most striking developments of this period. And if someone looks in terms of class context, the formation of two major classes, those of the landed aristocracy and a large body of subjected peasants may be noticed. In this phenomenon, the declining status of former Vaiyas and the rise of shudras was a further development in early medieval India. In it the most striking development was the transformation of the servile shudras into peasantry who thus got transferred into producers on massive scale. Among other developments, the growing regional identities in art, script, language and in religious sphere the construction of temples, the theory of incarnation, visit to holy places, concepts of puja , bhakti and tantra, etc. were significant developments.

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Answer 2

The importance of land in the early medieval period

Explanation:

• The early medieval era of Indian history can be seen as a transformative phase in which shifts in almost all of society's institutions and realms viz. It took place in social, cultural, economic, and political terms.
• In the political sphere, primarily as a result  acceleration and continuation of land grants, the development of small landed estates, the decentralization and fragmentation  of political authority and the expansion of the lord-vassal relationship, can be witnessed as  new trends.
• Land grants have played a crucial role in early medieval  India's socio-economic history, and have been given a key role in historical transformation from ancient to medieval times,the control of the land donated.