Criticism of development in points
Answers
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Postdevelopment theory (also post-development or anti-development or development criticism) holds that the whole concept and practice of development is a reflection of Western-Northern hegemony over the rest of the world.
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Answer:
The criticism of development are as follows:
(i) Social costs of development
Development such as building dams, steel plants and industrial activities has led to large scale displacement. This has resulted in loss of livelihood, and increase in impoverishment. Since they have been displaced from their traditional land so they migrate to urban areas where they don't have any employment because they are not educated and skilled enough and they then lead their lives in poverty. Their culture is also lost as their community life gets destroyed and people move to different areas.
(ii) Environmental costs of development
Development has caused huge environmental damage. Pollution has increased due to building of factories. Global warming has taken place. This has also caused hole in ozone layer. Melting of glaciers is also taking place. Rivers have dried up and forests have been lost.
Besides, the social and environmental costs of development, there have been some success rate for example it has led to increasing rate of economic growth. Income of people has been increased and consumption of goods has gone up. But, it has also caused huge gap between rich and poor. There is no fair distribution of goods. Rich have become richer and poor have become poorer. Quality of life of people has not improved. They do not have basic minimum necessities of life. Like food, education, health and shelter. This is called basic needs approach. This is necessary for leading a dignified life.