CV Raman biography in 300 words
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The Great Indian physicist Chandrasekhar Venkata Raman, popularly known as C.V Raman, was born on 7th November, 1888 at Trichirapalli in Tamil Nadu. His father was a physics teacher and so it was natural that Raman developed love for this subject. He was a brilliant student from the very beginning. As a brilliant and promising lad, he passed his matriculation examination at the young age of 12 from Madras University.
His parents wanted to sent him England for higher studies but his poor health did not allow it. He studied at Hindu College, Visakhapatnam and Presidency College, Madras. He obtained his post-graduation degree in physics in 1907 with the top position. During his student period he conducted many researches and published his papers in many reputed magazines.
Chandrasekhar Venkata RamanIn the same year, that is, 1907, Raman got the first position in the Financial Service Examination and was appointed as the Assistant Accountant General in Calcutta. There he came in contact with an eminent scientist named Dr. Amritlal Sarkar who was Secretary of the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science. This contact with Dr. Sarkar proved a turning point in the life of this young scientist.
His interest in physics was deep and lasting and so he continued his research work in his spare time in the laboratory of the Association. He published his research results in the leading journals of Calcutta, now Kolkata which were in regard to the subject of propagation of light. These original research papers were of great scientific significance.
When these came to the notice of the then Vice -Challenger of Calcutta University, Sir Ashutosh Mukharjee, he appointed him Professor of physics in the University. During his stay at the University he continued his research with much more devotion and won immense honour and recognition as a physicist.
He was elected the Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1924. He discovered the “Raman Effect” in 1928. For it he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930. He became the first Indian to win this prestigious honour. With this award, his reputation increased by leaps and bounds and many Universities and institutions of repute honoured him with Ph D and D.Sc. degrees.
In December, 1927 he was busy in laboratory when the news came that the well-known physicist A.M. Compton was awarded the Nobel Prize for demonstrating that the nature of X-rays undergoes a change when passed through a matter.
This effect came to be known as the “Compton Effect.” Encouraged by this discovery, Raman continued his experiments and ultimately proved that light rays can also be scattered. His discovery enabled for the first time, the mapping of possible levels of energy gains of molecules and atoms of a substance and thus discovered their molecules and atomic structure. This discovery of the scattering of light led to the development of a simple alternative to infra-red spectroscopy, namely, Raman Spectroscopy.
Raman Effect happens when molecules of a medium scatter light energy particles known as photons. The spectrum varies with the nature of the transparent medium used to scatter the light. Raman Effect has proved to be of great scientific value and with its help the structure of more than 200 compounds has been known. He also gave us the scientific explanation for the blue colour of the sky and the ocean.
Explanation:
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Chandrasekhar Venkata Raman was born in 1888 in Tamil Nadu. He had his early education at Vishakhapatnam and Madras. After obtaining his M.A. degree in Physics in 1907, he appeared at the Financial Civil Service Competitive Examination, and having topped the list of successful candidates, he was appointed Deputy Accountant General, in Kolkata.
Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee, the vice chancellor of the Kolkata University, offered him the post of the Plait Professor of Physics at the University. In 1919, he was made the ‘Secretary of the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science’, and in 1922, he was awarded D.Sc. by the Kolkata University.
Raman’s research work in the laboratory of IACs in Kolkata culminated in the discovery of the ‘Raman Effect’. In 1928, Raman went to Bangalore in 1933, and became the Director of the Indian Institute of Science. There in 1943, Raman founded his own institute near Bangalore, the Raman Research Institute.
Raman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930, for his discovery of ‘Raman Effect’. It opened up the unknown routes to unveil the mysteries of light wave optics, acoustics, and colloids and so on. Raman Spectroscopy now finds applications in almost every branch of scientific research.
Honour came to Raman from different quarters of the world. He was knighted by the British Government in 1929. In 1934, he was elected Fellow of the Royal Society of
London. He was conferred the highest title of ‘Bharat Ratna’ by the government of India in 1954. C.V. Raman passed away in 1970.