D. Answer the following.
2. What is the role of microorganisms in enriching the soil?
3. Name two antibiotics obtained from fungi and discuss their role.
4. Discuss, how microorganisms play a vital role in agriculture.
5. Microorganisms are found everywhere in our environment. Explain.
Answers
Step-by-step explanation:
This is the answer for 4
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(Q2) Ans. Soil microorganisms (figure 1) are responsible for most of the nutrient release from organic matter. When microorganisms decompose organic matter, they use the carbon and nutrients in the organic matter for their own growth. They release excess nutrients into the soil where they can be taken up by plants.
(Q3) Ans. Apart from penicillin, the most important antibiotics from fungi are the cephalosporins(beta-lactams with similar mode of action to penicillin, but with less allergenicity) and griseofulvin(from Penicillium griseofulvumand related species) which is used to treat althlete's footand related fungal infections of the skin.
(Q4) Ans. Microorganism plays very important role in agriculture because the soil microbes (bacteria and fungi) are essential for decomposing organic matter and recycling old plant material. Some soil bacteria and fungi form relationships with plant roots that provide important nutrients like nitrogen or phosphorus.
(Q5) Ans. Microorganisms include viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae, and nematodes, in roughly decreasing order of size. They are the oldest form of life on Earth and are found virtually everywhere, from boiling hot springs deep in the Earth to the depths of the oceans to the Arctic.
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