D.Answer the following question:
1. In which form did calculating devices exist in ancient time?
2. Which input and output devices were used in first generation computers?
3. What were the main features of second generation computers?
4. What is artificial intelligence?
5. what are the specialities of fifth generation computers?
6. write the name of some computers related to fourth generation computers?
Answers
Answer:
1. abacus
Early Beginnings: Manual Computing Devices
The first device for calculating was probably the abacus. It's invention in Asia Minor dates to approximately 1000 to 500 B.C.E.. Abacus users computed by moving a system of sliding beads arranged in columns on a rack.
2. Punch cards, paper tape, and magnetic tape was used as input and output devices. The computers in this generation used machine code as the programming language.
3. In this generation, transistors were used that were cheaper, consumed less power, more compact in size, more reliable and faster than the first generation machines made of vacuum tubes. In this generation, magnetic cores were used as the primary memory and magnetic tape and magnetic disks as secondary storage devices.
4. Artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability of a computer or a robot controlled by a computer to do tasks that are usually done by humans because they require human intelligence and discernment.
5. speciality of fifth generation computers :-
•ULSI technology.
•Development of true artificial intelligence.
•Development of Natural language processing.
•Advancement in Parallel Processing.
•Advancement in Superconductor technology.
•More user-friendly interfaces with multimedia features.
•Availability of very powerful and compact computers at cheaper rates.
6. They used Integrated Circuits (ICs). Some of the computers developed during this period were: IBM-360, ICL-1900, IBM-370, and VAX-750. Higher level language such as BASIC was developed during this period. Computers of this generations were small in size, low cost, large memory and processing speed is very high.
please mark me as brainlist if you found my answer helpful.