D. Answer the following questions in brief.
1. Why is nutrition important for a living organism?
2. How do green plants synthesise their food?
3. State the role of 'vessels' present in a plant.
4.
Define the following terms:
(a) Symbiotic relationship
(b) Nutrients
5.
(c) Saprotrophic mode of nutrition (d) Photosynthesis
When some wheat dough was left in the open for a few days, it started emitting
a foul smell. State, why?
Answers
Answer:
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1 ) Nutrients help break down food to give organisms energy. They are used in every process of an organism's body. Some of the processes are growth (building cells), repair (healing a wound), and maintaining life (breathing). Plants and other autotrophs absorb nutrients from soil and water.
2 ) THEY SYNTHESISE THIER FOOD BY A PROCESS CALLED PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Photosynthesis is the physico-chemical process by which plants can convert light energy into chemical energy, in the form of food using atmospheric carbon dioxide and water as raw materials.
3 ) Vessel elements are the building blocks of vessels, which constitute the major part of the water transporting system in those plants in which they occur. Vessels form an efficient system for transporting water (including necessary minerals) from the root to the leaves and other parts of the plant.
4 ) a ) Symbiosis is a close relationship between two species in which at least one species benefits. Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit. Commensalism is a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits while the other species is not affected.
b ) Nutrients are compounds in foods essential to life and health, providing us with energy, the building blocks for repair and growth and substances necessary to regulate chemical processes. There are six major nutrients: Carbohydrates (CHO), Lipids (fats), Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, Water.
c ) Saprophytic: The mode of nutrition in which organisms feed on dead and decaying matter. In saprotrophic mode of nutrition, the vital nutrients required for their body are collected from dead and decaying matter. The other organisms which are saprotrophic is Rhizopus, Yeast, and Mushroom.
d ) Photosynthesis, the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.
5 ) When the wheat dough is kept in open for few days, the formation of fungus and reproduction of yeast takes place. These fungi and yeast will become unfit for eating or for use. Since the formation of fungus takes place in the dough, it gives a foul smell.
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