D. Answer the following questions in brief.
1. With the help of a diagram show the composition of different gases in the Earth's
atmosphere.
2. Why do we find a substantial amount of water vapour in the atmosphere? What is its source?
3. What is the hydrological cycle?
4. List the layers of the atmosphere one by one as found above the surface of the Earth.
Answers
answer
( 1 )
This diagram shows the relative abundances of the main gases in Earth's atmosphere. Nitrogen makes up 78%, oxygen about 21% and argon almost 1%. Lesser constituents include carbon dioxide at 400 parts per million (0.04%) and everything else (neon, helium, methane, krypton, hydrogen, etc.)
(2)
As the temperature of the atmosphere rises, more water is evaporated from ground storage (rivers, oceans, reservoirs, soil). Because the air is warmer, the relative humidity can be higher (in essence, the air is able to 'hold' more water when its warmer), leading to more water vapor in the atmosphere.
(3)
The water cycle, also known as the hydrologic cycle or the hydrological cycle, describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth.
(4)
These layers are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere. A further region at about 500 km above the Earth's surface is called the exosphere.
Explanation:
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