Question

D. Short-answer type questions :
Name the phenomenon that takes place when the heavy charge flows through air accompanied by heat and light,
2. In what ways is lightning useful?
3. In what situation can lightning be dangerous?
4. List two uses of gold leaf electroscope.
5. What is a lightning strike? How can we protect ourselves from it?
6. List five safety measures against lightning strikes.
7. What do you find at the edges of the charged plates? ?
8. What is the plate tectonics?
9. What is epicentre?
10. How can you measure seismic waves?
11. What is tsunami?
12. What is an earthquake hazard? Give examples.
13. Explain why a charged-balloon is repelled by another charged balloon whereas an uncharged balloon is attracted
another charged balloon?
14. List three states in India where earthquakes are more likely to strike.
15. Suppose you are outside your home and an earthquake strikes. What precaution would you take to protect yourself
E. Long-answer type questions :​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. lighting

2. N2 fixation and protect planet

3.When two clouds with unlike charges come near each other. (ii) When clouds charge tall buildings and trees by induction. The danger to tall buildings can be reduced by placing a lightning conductor on them. If lightning strikes the building, it flows harmlessly to the earth through the conductor.

4.A. to measure the electric charge.

B. to detect and test small electric charges.

C. to produce electric current.

D. to produce electric charges

5.If no shelter is available, crouch low, with as little of your body touching the ground as possible. Lightning causes electric currents along the top of the ground that can be deadly over 100 feet away. Stay away from concrete floors or walls.

6.Postpone activities promptly. ...

Take shelter at the lowest point. ...

Keep an eye on the sky. ...

Listen for the sound of thunder. ...

Suspend games or practices. ...

Listen to NOAA Weather Radio. ...

If you can't get to a shelter, stay away from trees.

7. At the edges of charged plates you will find electrons Because protons lies at the centre but the electrons move all around

8.A tectonic plate (also called lithospheric plate) is a massive, irregularly shaped slab of solid rock, generally composed of both continental and oceanic lithosphere. Plate size can vary greatly, from a few hundred to thousands of kilometers across; the Pacific and Antarctic Plates are among the largest.

9. the part of the earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake — compare hypocenter sense 1.

10.Seismic waves are studied by geophysicists called seismologists. Seismic wave fields are recorded by a seismometer, hydrophone (in water), or accelerometer. The propagation velocity of seismic waves depends on density and elasticity of the medium as well as the type of wave.

11. A tsunami is a series of waves caused by earthquakes or undersea volcanic eruptions. ... But as the waves travel inland, they build up to higher and higher heights as the depth of the ocean decreases. The speed of tsunami waves depends on ocean depth rather than the distance from the source of the wave.

12. Earthquake hazard is anything associated with an earthquake that may affect the normal activities of people. This includes surface faulting, ground shaking, landslide, liquefaction, tectonic deformation, tsunamis, and seiches. Seismic hazard map for the United

States.

13.A charged balloon is repelled by another charged balloon because both the balloons contain same type of charges. We know that like charges repel each other. A balloon is charged while other is uncharged so they have no same charge. Therefore charged balloon attracts uncharged balloon.

14. In India, earthquakes are most likely to strike in Jammu and Kashmir, Gujarat and Assam.

15. We should stay at a clear spot away from buildings, trees and overhead power lines, so that they do not fall on us.

Explanation:

1.The flow of heavy charge through air accompanied by heat and light is called lightning

2. Lightning strikes dissolve unusable nitrogen in water and form a natural fertilizer which is absorbed by the roots of plants. Thus, lightning helps for nitrogen fixation. 2. Lightning also produces important gas called ozone which protects our planet from the harmful UV rays.