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It is a phenomenon where two or more compounds have the same chemical formula but possesses different structural formulas and different properties. This is mainly because of different structural or spatial arrangements. Isomers are the compounds exhibiting this phenomenon.
Isomerism is the phenomenon in which more than one compounds have the same chemical formula but different chemical structures. Chemical compounds that have identical chemical formulae but differ in properties and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule are called isomers.
Isomers can be split into two broad groups – structural (or constitutional) isomers, and stereoisomers. We'll consider structural isomers first, which can be split again into three main subgroups: chain isomers, position isomers, and functional group isomers.