डिस्टिंग्विश बिटवीन कैट आयन एंड एन आयन
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A cation is an atom or a group of atoms bearing one or more positive electric charges.
Cations are formed in various ways, some of which are:
When electrons are removed from neutral atoms or ions or other molecules.
By the combination of positive ions with other molecules.
By rupture of covalent when causes the shared paired of electrons is associated with one atom, and the other one becomes deficit.
Cations are usually formed from metal atoms; however, positive radical ion might also have multiple atoms like in ammonium ion (NH4+).
Cations are positively charged because they have more protons than electrons. Thus, cations are electron deficit.
The size of cations is measured by measuring their ionic radius and cations, in general, have a smaller radius as they usually have one orbit less than their corresponding parent atoms.
Hydrogen is the smallest cation that has no electron and thus is much smaller than its parent atom.
In crystalline solids, the anions occupy most of the space in the lattice and cations are thus present between those spaces.
Cations in the gaseous state are highly reactive and will react with anions to form neutral molecules. However, cations might be present in both liquid or solid-state.
In the liquid state, cation interacts with the solvent to form solvated ions which are much stable.
Because these are charged particles, their movements can be deflected by magnetic fields.
Under an electric field, cations move towards the negative terminal (anode) to form neutral atoms. Most metals are purified by this process where they are platted onto the anode plate in an electric field.
Cations are given different names to indicate the number of charges carried by these particles. Dications are cations with two positive charges, and trications are cations with three positive charges.
Similarly, positively charged ions formed from organic molecules are termed carbocations.
Anion Definition
An anion is an atom or a group of atoms bearing one or more negative electric charges.
Anions are formed in various ways, some of which are:
When electrons are added to neutral atoms or ions or other molecules.
By the combination of negative ions with other molecules.
By rupture of covalent when causes the shared paired of electrons to be associated with one atom resulting in a negative charge.
Anions are usually formed from non-metals; however, negative radical ions might also have multiple atoms like in sulfate ion (SO4—).
Anions are negatively charged because they have more electrons than neutrons. Thus, anions are electron-rich.
The size of ions is measured by measuring their ionic radius and anions, in general, have a larger radius as they usually have more electrons that repel each other creating a larger size than their corresponding parent atoms.
Anions occupy most of the space in the crystal of solids as they have a larger size.
Anions in the gaseous state are highly reactive and will react with cations to form neutral molecules. However, anions might be present in both liquid or solid-state.
In the liquid state, anion interacts with the solvent to form solvated ions which are much stable.
Under an electric field, anions move towards the positive terminal (cathode) to form neutral atoms.
Most non-metallic gases are obtained by this process where they are collected from the positive terminal (cathode) of an electric field.
Anions are given different names to indicate the number of charges carried by these particles. Dianions are anions with two negative charges, and trianions are anions with three negative charges.
Similarly, negative ions formed from organic molecules are termed carbanions.
Key Differences (Cation vs Anion)
Basis for Comparison
Cation
Anion
Definition A cation is an atom or a group of atoms bearing one or more positive electric charges. An anion is an atom or a group of atoms bearing one or more negative electric charges.
Electric charge Cations carry one or more positive charges. Anions carry one or more negative charges.
Atoms Cations are formed from metal atoms. Anions are formed from non-metal atoms.
Electric field Cations are attracted towards the negative terminal (anode) of an electric field. Anions are attracted towards the positive terminal (cathode) of an electric field.
Reactions Cations react with anions to form neutral molecules. Anions react with cations to form neutral molecules.
Electrons Cations have more protons than electrons. Anions have more electrons than protons.
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⇒ कैट आयन
→एक धनायन एक परमाणु या परमाणुओं का एक समूह होता है जो एक या अधिक धनात्मक विद्युत आवेशों को प्रभावित करता है।
→उद्धरण एक या एक से अधिक सकारात्मक शुल्क लेते हैं
⇒ एन आयन
→आयन एक परमाणु या परमाणुओं का समूह है जो एक या अधिक नकारात्मक विद्युत आवेशों को वहन करता है
→आयन एक या अधिक नकारात्मक आरोप लगाते हैं।
➡Hope this will help you :)
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