Question

Dalton's atomic theory?​

Answer 1

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Dalton’s atomic theory was a scientific theory on the nature of matter put forward by the English physicist and chemist John Dalton in the year 1808. It stated that all matter was made up of small, indivisible particles known as 'atoms'.

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Answer 2

Dalton's Atomic Theory :

• All the mater is made up of very small particles called atoms.

• Atoms cannot be divided.

• Atoms can neither be created nor be destroyed.

• Atoms are of various kinds. There are as many kinds of atoms as are elements.

• All the atoms of a given element are identical in every respect,having the same mass,size and chemical properties.

• Atoms of different elements differ in mass,size and chemical properties.

• Chemical combinations between two (or more) elements consists in the joining together of atoms of these elements to form molecules of compounds.

• The number and kind of atoms in a given compound is fixed.

• During chemical combination, atoms of different elements combine in small whole numbers to form compounds.

• Atoms of the same elements can combine in more than one ratio to form more than one compound.

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Drawbacks of Dalton's Atomic Theory :

• One of the major drawbacks of Dalton's Atomic Theory of matter is that atoms were thought to be indivisible. We know that under special circumstances, atoms can be further divided into smaller particles called electrons, protons and neutrons. So,atoms are themselves made up of three particles : Electrons,protons and neutrons.

• Dalton's atomic theory says that all the atoms of an element have same mass. It is however,now known that atoms of the same elements can have slightly different masses.

• Dalton's atomic theory said that atoms of different elements have different masses. It is however, now known as even atoms of different can have the same mass.