Question

Darwin’s theory of natural selection:

Charles Darwin had collected innumerable specimens of plants and animals and depending

upon the observations of those specimens; he published the theory of natural selection which

preaches the survival of fittest. For this purpose, Darwin had published a book titled ‘Origin of

Species’. While explaining the concept, Darwin says that all the organisms reproduce prolifically.

All the organisms compete with each other in a life-threatening manner. In this competition, only

those organisms sustain which show the modifications essential for winning the competition.

However, besides this, natural selection also plays important role because nature selects only

those organisms which are fit to live and the rest perish. Sustaining and selected organisms can

perform reproduction and thereby give rise to the new species with their own specific characters.

Darwin’s theory of natural selection was widely accepted for long duration. However, some

objections were raised against the theory. Some of the main objections are- 1. Natural selection

is not the only factor responsible for evolution. 2. Darwin did not mention any explanation about

useful and useless modifications. 3. There is no explanation about slow changes and abrupt

changes. Irrespective of all these objections, Darwin’s work on evolution has been a milestone.

i. What was Darwin's book entitled ?

ii. What does Darwin's theory preach ?

iii. What does Darwin's theory emphasize on about evolution ?

iv. Why is the competition life-threatening, according to Darwin ?

v. How is the newly produced generation enhanced by natural selection​

Answer 1

Answer:

1) Darwin's book was entitled as “Origin of species.