Décrivez la ville indienne.
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Answer:
L’Inde est un pays diversifié avec de nombreuses cultures, états, langues et traditions. Il a un riche patrimoine quand il s’agit d’art et d’architecture. Certains monuments en Inde sont- Taj Mahal, La porte rouge, etc. L’actuel Priminster de l’Inde est le Premier ministre Narendra Modi. L’Inde compte 28 États et la capitale de l’Inde est New Delhi. La langue nationale de l’Inde est l’hindi.
Answer:
Currently India is facing the twin problems of overpopulation and unplanned development. Overpopulation is a serious threat to our own existence. The whole world needs to address this issue and not just a few countries. The world’s population is increasing mainly due to medical advancements and increase in agricultural productivity. India is now home to 1.2 billion people. Furthermore, India’s population is expected to grow to 1.8 billion before stabilising around the middle of this century.
Sooner or later, the world community is going to face the consequences of population growth. The rapid depletion of natural resources, increasing deforestation and loss of ecosystems, increased level of air and water pollution, high infant and child mortality rate and hunger due to extreme poverty are some of the results of overpopulation. Excessive population leads to working institutions’ dysfunctionality and makes all plans to improve a country’s infrastructure, medical assistance facilities and social welfare initiatives ineffective. Many people are already aware of these social and environmental problems, but only a few are aware of its adverse effects on health. It’s not just India’s struggle, Brazil and China are also coping with the ramifications of overpopulation. As per the City Competitiveness Report 2017, the population of a city has a direct bearing on its level of competitiveness. But a large population is not always a boon. It creates challenges pertaining to the movement of people and goods and in the provision of basic services.
This problem of overpopulation further gets aggravated by unplanned development. Urbanisation in India is increasing at a rapid pace and currently about 30-33% of Indians live in cities. This is estimated to reach upward to 40% by 2030. A large component of this urbanisation would be in the form of migration to the existing cities. Planned development is critical for India as it moves from being predominantly rural to urban. Unfortunately, most Indian cities are currently decidedly challenged in terms of infrastructure. The unplanned development of cities creates a number of problems, which include unhealthy settlements, lack of drinking water, health services, employment opportunities and electricity supply, degradation of the environment, adverse effect on health etc. In order to accommodate such huge population, it is necessary to do proper planning of Indian cities. A city needs social infrastructure for making it habitable. It is important to plan on job creation in these cities. A critical focus on job creation should deal with the primary job creation as well as service sector job creation. Along with this, proper public transport system needs to be strengthened and development of last-mile connectivity is necessary for the optimal utilisation of mass transit systems. There must be focus on the utilisation of water; sustainability must be ensured in solid waste management and focus must be on development of green energy.
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