Dedifferentiation of cells in plant tissue culture
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PLANT TISSUES :-
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(1) MERISTEMATIC TISSUES
• found in the growing regions of the plant.
• densely packed, thin-walled cells which give dividing to produce new cells.
• lack Central vacuole; because they do not need storage and support.
TYPES OF MERISTEMATIC TISSUES:-
(a) Apical meristem-
• found in root and shoot tips.
• responsible for unilateral growth(growth of stem).
(b) Lateral meristem-
• responsible for secondary growth of the plant (increase in the thickness or girth of the plant)
• secondary growth is exhibited mostly by dicot plants and it is caused by cell division in the Lateral Meristem.
(c) Intercalary Meristem-
• present at the base of the leaves (nodes) and in the internodes.
• responsible for elongation of the plant.
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(2) PERMANENT TISSUES
• formed of cells which have lost their ability to divide.
• vacuoles forms as it grows.
• vacuoles may full 95% or more of the cells total volume.
TYPES OF PERMANENT TISSUES:-
(a) Simple Permanent Tissue-
(i) parenchyma =
• have large vacuole, also stores starch and oil and present in fruits, stems,leaves and flowers.
(ii) collenchyma-
• have thick walls, provides flexibility and support, tightly packed and have very less or no intercellular space.
(iii) sclerenchyma-
• it is dead at maturity, have thick secondary cell wall containing Lignin and provide structural mechanical support.
(b) complex permanent tissue-
(i) xylem
• transport water from Roots to different parts of the plants(conduction).
(ii) phloem-
• transport food from leaves to different parts of the plant (translocation).
(iii) epidermis-
• is the outermost layer of cells on all living organism and is in direct contact with the environment.
x========================================================================x
HOPE IT WAS HELPFUL!
===============================>>
(1) MERISTEMATIC TISSUES
• found in the growing regions of the plant.
• densely packed, thin-walled cells which give dividing to produce new cells.
• lack Central vacuole; because they do not need storage and support.
TYPES OF MERISTEMATIC TISSUES:-
(a) Apical meristem-
• found in root and shoot tips.
• responsible for unilateral growth(growth of stem).
(b) Lateral meristem-
• responsible for secondary growth of the plant (increase in the thickness or girth of the plant)
• secondary growth is exhibited mostly by dicot plants and it is caused by cell division in the Lateral Meristem.
(c) Intercalary Meristem-
• present at the base of the leaves (nodes) and in the internodes.
• responsible for elongation of the plant.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) PERMANENT TISSUES
• formed of cells which have lost their ability to divide.
• vacuoles forms as it grows.
• vacuoles may full 95% or more of the cells total volume.
TYPES OF PERMANENT TISSUES:-
(a) Simple Permanent Tissue-
(i) parenchyma =
• have large vacuole, also stores starch and oil and present in fruits, stems,leaves and flowers.
(ii) collenchyma-
• have thick walls, provides flexibility and support, tightly packed and have very less or no intercellular space.
(iii) sclerenchyma-
• it is dead at maturity, have thick secondary cell wall containing Lignin and provide structural mechanical support.
(b) complex permanent tissue-
(i) xylem
• transport water from Roots to different parts of the plants(conduction).
(ii) phloem-
• transport food from leaves to different parts of the plant (translocation).
(iii) epidermis-
• is the outermost layer of cells on all living organism and is in direct contact with the environment.
x========================================================================x
HOPE IT WAS HELPFUL!
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