Deduce why girders are made of I shape
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Girders often have an I-beam cross section composed of two load-bearing flanges separated by a stabilizing web, but may also have a box shape, Z shape and other forms. ... Larger girders (1 m/3 feet deep or more) are made as plate girders, welded or bolted together from separate pieces of steel plate.
Why is an I-beam shaped the way it is? How did an I-beam's eventual final design come to fulfill its primary function?
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Jack Dahlgren
Jack Dahlgren, California Architect
Answered Oct 22, 2012 · Upvoted by Isaac Gaetz, Licensed Structural Engineer and Ravi Babu, M.tech Structural Engineering, National Institute of Techno… · Author has 6.9k answers and 8.6m answer views
When a beam bends the top of the beam is in compression and the bottom is in tension.
These forces are greatest at the very top and very bottom. So to make the stiffest beam with the least amount of material you would want the material to be only at the top and bottom sides. However you still need to connect them together or they would just be two separate plates and would not be stiff at all. So you put a web in the middle to connect them and make them work together. The resulting shape is the traditional "I-beam" or wide flange beam.
This shape is used when the load is parallel with the flange. As you can see, the shape is not so good with lateral forces unless you turn it sideways. When the load will come from two directions, a square tube is used.
I hope it is helful....!!!!
Why is an I-beam shaped the way it is? How did an I-beam's eventual final design come to fulfill its primary function?
Still have a question? Ask your own!
What is your question?
8 ANSWERS
Jack Dahlgren
Jack Dahlgren, California Architect
Answered Oct 22, 2012 · Upvoted by Isaac Gaetz, Licensed Structural Engineer and Ravi Babu, M.tech Structural Engineering, National Institute of Techno… · Author has 6.9k answers and 8.6m answer views
When a beam bends the top of the beam is in compression and the bottom is in tension.
These forces are greatest at the very top and very bottom. So to make the stiffest beam with the least amount of material you would want the material to be only at the top and bottom sides. However you still need to connect them together or they would just be two separate plates and would not be stiff at all. So you put a web in the middle to connect them and make them work together. The resulting shape is the traditional "I-beam" or wide flange beam.
This shape is used when the load is parallel with the flange. As you can see, the shape is not so good with lateral forces unless you turn it sideways. When the load will come from two directions, a square tube is used.
I hope it is helful....!!!!
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