Question

Deferentiate between general election and by election?​

Answer 1

Answer:

General elections

 Function to elect a national government

 Traditionally called by the PM at a time of his choosing (though Fixed-term Parliaments Act

2011 now sets 5-year intervals)

 National focus/campaign

 Usually 60%+ turnout

 Fought across a range of policies and issues (publication of party manifestos etc.)

 Reflects previous 5-year national picture (leadership of parties, policy successes/failures,

economic climate etc.)

 Three main parties dominate the results

 Taken seriously by parties and most of the public, as the next government will be formed

By-elections

 Function to elect a single MP

 Called after resignation/death/departure of the sitting MP e.g. Oldham 2011 after de-selection

of Phil Woolas

 Local focus — although national party leaders will often visit to give support and attention e.g.

Crewe and Nantwich 2008 (Cameron visited several times to ensure victory)

 Low turnout e.g. Manchester Central 2012 was 18%

 Fought across a narrower range of policies, sometimes one issue or a local topic e.g. Blaenau

Gwent 2006 was lost by Labour after a rebellion by local Labour activists against the party's

chosen candidate

 Typically reflect perceptions of the parties at a given moment in time — often act as a mini-

referendum on the governing party e.g. Lib Dem collapse in Barnsley in March 2011; Labour

collapse during Brown's premiership in Glasgow East 2008 (used by voters to 'send a

message' in support of, or more likely against, parties in Westminster)

Answer 2

General Election

General elections are the elections which are commonly organized in all or most of the constituencies at the same time of the country or state

By election

By-elections refers to the election held in one constituency for the seat vacant owing to the death or resignation of the member

General Election

To choose the government.

By election

To fill the vacant seat.

General Election

These are held after every five years.

By election

These are held before the completion of 6 months from the date, the seat becomes vacant.

General Election

Election of the representative is for a full term.

By election

Election of the representative is for the remaining term.

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