defernciate between plant and the animal cell in 100 words
Answers
Answer:
Plant cell Animal cell
2. Have a cell membrane. 2. Have no chloroplasts.
3. Have cytoplasm. 3. Have only small vacuoles.
4. Have a nucleus. 4. Often irregular in shape.
5. Often have chloroplasts containing chlorophyll. 5. Do not contain plastids.
Explanation:
The cell is the fundamental unit of life. All the life activities are carried out by cells. The organisms are classified based on the number of cells present in them. Unicellular organisms are single-celled, while multicellular organisms have a large number of cells.
Unicellular organisms are believed to be one of the earliest forms of life on earth. Eventually, more complex multicellular organisms evolved from these unicellular life forms over the aeons. Multicellular organisms have specialized cells with complicated cell organelles, which unicellular organisms typically lack.
In an ecosystem, plants have the role of producers while animals have taken the role of consumers. Hence, their daily activities and functions vary, so do their cell structure. Cell structure and organelles vary in plants and animals, and they are primarily classified based on their function. The difference in their cell composition is the reason behind the difference between plants and animals, their structure and functions.
Each cell organelle has a particular function to perform. Some of the cell organelles are present in both plant cell and the animal cell, while others are unique to just one. Most of the earth’s higher organisms are eukaryotes, including all plant and animals. Hence, these cells share some similarities typically associated with eukaryotes.
For example, all eukaryotic cells consist of a nucleus, plasma membrane, cytoplasm, peroxisomes, mitochondria, ribosomes and other cell organelles.
As stated above, both plant and animal cells share a few common cell organelles, as both are eukaryotes. The function of all these organelles is said to be very much similar. However, the major differences between the plant and animal cells, which significantly reflect the difference in the functions of each cell.
The major differences between the plant cell and animal cell are mentioned below:
Plant Cell Animal Cell
Cell Shape
Square or rectangular in shape Irregular or round in shape
Cell Wall
Present Absent
Plasma/Cell Membrane
Present Present
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Present Present
Nucleus
Present and lies on one side of the cell Present and lies in the centre of the cell
Lysosomes
Present but are very rare Present
Centrosomes
Absent Present
Golgi Apparatus
Present Present
Cytoplasm
Present Present
Ribosomes
Present Present
Plastids
Present Absent
Vacuoles
Few large or a single, centrally positioned vacuole Usually small and numerous
Cilia
Absent Present in most of the animal cells
Mitochondria
Present but fewer in number Present and are numerous
Mode of Nutrition
Primarily autotrophic Heterotrophic
Conclusion
Both plant and animal cells comprise membrane-bound organelles, such as endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, the nucleus, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, lysosomes. They also have similar membranes, such as cytoskeletal elements and cytosol. The plant cell can also be larger than the animal cell. The normal range of the animal cell varies from about 10 – 30 micrometres and that of plant cell range between 10 – 100 micrometres.
Answer:
◆Animal cells are also the basic functional unit of life for animals constituting all cell organelles that perform a variety of functions to support the animals’ metabolisms.Plant cells are basic functional units of plants constituting all cell organelles performing a variety of functions that support the plants’ metabolisms.
◆Animal cells are generally smaller than plant cells with their cells ranging from 10-30um in length.Animal cells shape and sizes vary greatly from irregular shapes to round shapes, most defined by the function they perform.Plant cells are larger than animal cells with the cell size ranging from 10um-100um in length.Plant cells similar in shape with most cells being rectangular or cube-shaped.
◆Animal cells lack the cell wall but possess a plasma (cell) membrane, which performs the function of support and protection of the cell from external damage.It also plays a major role in selective permeability allowing in and outflow of nutrient molecules, water, and other cell elements.plant cells have both a cell wall that is made up of cell membrane and cellulose. The cell wall is, a rigid membrane matrix found on the surface of all plant cells whose primary role is to protect the cell and its content.
◆ Animal cells have a plasma membrane that is a thin flexible membrane, which acts as a protective covering for the animal cell.It also has selective permeability.In Plant cells, The presence of the plasma membrane made up of cellulose, just below the cell wall which allows selective permeability of cell contents into and out of the cell cytoplasm.
◆Animal cells take in water molecules by osmosis and easily bursts when placed in hypotonic solution because of the lack of a cell wall. Plant cells absorb water molecules by osmosis but they do not burst in a hypotonic solution due to the presence of a cell wall.
Similarly, there are many differences between animal cells and plant cells.