Defferent
between
acid ans
base
Answers
Difference Between Acids and Bases
The following points summarise the difference between acids and bases.
1. On the Basis of Physical Properties:
i. Acids are sour in taste while bases taste bitter.
ii. Acids release H⁺ ions in water while bases release OH⁻ ions in water.
iii. Bases are soapy to touch.
iv. Acids turn blue litmus to red while bases turn red litmus to blue.
More to know: Both acids and bases may be corrosive in nature.
2. On the Basis of Chemical Properties:
i. Reaction with Metals
Acids react with metals to form a salt and evolve hydrogen gas.
Eg. Zn + 2HCl ---------> ZnCl₂ + H₂
Bases react with only some metals to form a salt and evolve hydrogen gas.
Eg. Zn + 2NaOH --------------> Na₂ZnO₂ + H₂
ii. Reaction with oxides:
Acids react with metallic oxides to form a salt and water.
Eg. 2HCl + ZnO ----------> ZnCl₂ + H₂O
Bases react with non-metallic oxides to form salt and water.
Eg. 2NaOH + CO₂ --------> Na₂CO₃ + H₂O
iii. Reaction with metal carbonates and bi-carbonates:
Acids react with metal carbonates or bicarbonates to form a salt, water and evolve carbon-dioxide gas.
Eg. H₂SO₄ + 2NaHCO₃ --------------------> Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O + 2CO₂
Bases don't react with metal carbonates or bicarbonates.
More to know: Acids and Bases also react with each other to form salt and water. This is called a neutralization reaction.
NaOH + HCl --------------> NaCl + H₂O