Question

Define -

1) Pasteurization
2) Pathogen
3) Antibiotics
4) Vaccinations

Proper answers please. NO SPAM.

Answer 1

1)The milk is heated to about 70 degree for about 15 to 30 seconds and then suddenly chilled and stored.By doing so it prevents the growth of microbes and kills the germs present in it.It is called pasteurization.
This process was discovered by Louis Pasteur.

2)The disease causing microbes are called pathogens.

3) Antibiotics are the medicines which inhibit the growth of bacteria and kill them. Antibiotics act by blocking certain biochemical pathways which are essential for the survival of bacteria like cell wall formation, protein synthesis etc.

4)Vaccination may be defined as protection of the body from communicable diseases by the administration of some agents that mimic the microbe. The agent can be a suspension of killed or attenuated microbes, or a substance that mimics the disease-causing microbes.