Define:-
1. Tidal Volume
2. Inspiratory Reserve Volume
3. Expiratory Reserve Volume
4. Residual Volume
5. Inspiratory Capacity
6. Expiratory Capacity
7. Functional Residual Capacity
8. Vital Capacity
9. Total Lung Capacity
Answers
Answer:
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1. Tidal Volume (TV): Volume of air inspired or expired during a normal respiration. It is approx. 500 ml., i.e., a healthy man can inspire or expire approximately 6000 to 8000 mL of air per minute.
2. Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV): Additional volume of air, a person can inspire by a forcible inspiration. This averages 2500 ml to 3000 ml.
3. Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV): Additional volume of air, a person can expire by a forcible expiration. This averages 1000 ml to 1100 ml.
4. Residual Volume (RV): Volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a
forcible expiration. This averages 1100 mL to 1200 ml. By adding up a few respiratory volumes described above, one can derive various pulmonary capacities, which can be used in clinical diagnosis.
5. Inspiratory Capacity (IC): Total volume of air a person can inspire
after a normal expiration. This includes tidal volume and inspiratory
reserve volume ( TV+IRV).
6. Expiratory Capacity (EC): Total volume of air a person can expire after
a normal inspiration. This includes tidal volume and expiratory reserve
volume (TV+ERV).
7. Functional Residual Capacity (FRC): Volume of air that will remain in
the lungs after a normal expiration. This includes ERV+RV.
8. Vital Capacity (VC): The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in
after a forced expiration. This includes ERV, TV and IRV or the maximum
volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration.
9.Total Lung Capacity (TLC): Total volume of air accommodated in the
lungs at the end of a forced inspiration. This includes RV, ERV, TV and
IRV or vital capacity + residual volume.