Question

define a cation and an anion

Answer 1

Cations and anions are both ions. The difference between a cation and an anion is the net electrical charge of the ion. Ions are atoms or molecules which have gained or lost one or more valence electrons giving the ion a net positive or negative charge.

Answer 2

Anion is a negatively charged ion, i.e., one that would be attracted to the anode in electrolysis.

Cation is a positively charged ion, i.e., one that would be attracted to the cathode in electrolysis.