Question

define:-

a) data abstraction
b)encapsulation
c)inheritance
d)polymorphism

plz answer these i will mark as brainest answer.........​

Answer 1

data abstraction :-Data abstraction is the reduction of a particular body of data to a simplified representation of the whole.

Data abstraction is usually the first step in database design. A complete database is much too complex a system to be developed without first creating a simplified framework. Data abstraction makes it possible for the developer to start from essential elements -- data abstractions -- and incrementally add data detail to create the final system.

Encapsulation:-Encapsulation is defined as the wrapping up of data under a single unit. It is the mechanism that binds together code and the data it manipulates.Other way to think about encapsulation is, it is a protective shield that prevents the data from being accessed by the code outside this shield.

• Technically in encapsulation, the variables or data of a class is hidden from any other class and can be accessed only through any member function of own class in which they are declared.
• As in encapsulation, the data in a class is hidden from other classes, so it is also known as data-hiding.
• Encapsulation can be achieved by: Declaring all the variables in the class as private and writing public methods in the class to set and get the values of variables

Inheritance:-Inheritance is a mechanism in which one class acquires the property of another class. For example, a child inherits the traits of his/her parents. With inheritance, we can reuse the fields and methods of the existing class. Hence, inheritance facilitates Reusability and is an important concept of OOPs.

Polymorphism:-The word polymorphism means having many forms. In simple words, we can define polymorphism as the ability of a message to be displayed in more than one form.

Real life example of polymorphism: A person at the same time can have different characteristic. Like a man at the same time is a father, a husband, an employee. So the same person posses different behaviour in different situations. This is called polymorphism.

Polymorphism is considered as one of the important features of Object Oriented Programming. Polymorphism allows us to perform a single action in different ways. In other words, polymorphism allows you to define one interface and have multiple implementations. The word “poly” means many and “morphs” means forms, So it means many forms.

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