Question

define:-
(a) Micro molecules, macromolecules
(b) Nucleoside and nucleotide
(c) Saturated and unsaturated fatty acid
(d) acidic amino acid and basic amino acid
(e) DNA and RNA​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Macromolecules means molecules weight less than 1000 Dalton and macromolecules means molecular weight more than or equal to 1000 Dalton like DNA, RNA and protein are the macromolecules.

2. A nucleoside consists of a nitrogenous base covalently attached to a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) but without the phosphate group. A nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) and one to three phosphate groups.

3. Firstly, saturated fatty acids are where all the carbon atoms have single bonds between them making the lipid saturated as no more hydrogens can be added.

On the other hand, unsaturated fatty acids are where there is a double bond between one or more of the carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain.

4. Acidic and Basic Amino Acids.Two amino acids have acidic side chains at neutral pH. These are aspartic acid or aspartate (Asp) and glutamic acid or glutamate (Glu). Their side chains have carboxylic acid groups whose pKa's are low enough to lose protons, becoming negatively charged in the process.

5. The two main types of nucleic acids are DNA and RNA. Both DNA and RNA are made from nucleotides, each containing a five-carbon sugar backbone, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base. DNA provides the code for the cell's activities, while RNA converts that code into proteins to carry out cellular functions.

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