Question

Define acceleration due to gravity

Answer 1

The acceleration due to gravity near the earth's surface is g = $\bold {\frac {GM_e} {R_e {} ^{2} } }$

The direction of this acceleration is vertically downwards, that is, towards the earth's centre.

The acceleration of a body moving near the earth's surface under the influence of gravity is the same regardless of weather it moves up, falls down or moves at some angle to the vertical.

Answer 2

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✒ Accelation Due to Gravity

• Acceleration due to gravity is the acceleration gained by an object due to gravitational force.
• Its SI unit is m/s².
• It has both magnitude and direction, hence, it’s a vector quantity.
• Acceleration due to gravity is represented by g.
• The standard value of g on the surface of the earth at sea level is 9.8 m/s².

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✒ What is Gravity?

• Gravity is the force with which earth attracts a body towards its centre.
• Let us consider two bodies of masses ma and mb.
• Under the application of equal forces on two bodies, the mass in terms of mass is given by:

• mb = ma [aA/aB] this is called an inertial mass of a body.

✒ Formula of Acceleration due to Gravity

• Force acting on a body due to gravity is given by, f = mg
• Where f is the force acting on the body, g is the acceleration due to gravity, m is mass of the body.
• According to the universal law of gravitation, f = GmM/(r+h)²

✒ Symbols and Full Forms

• f = force between two bodies,
• G = universal gravitational constant (6.67×10^-11 Nm²/kg²)
• m = mass of the object,
• M = mass of the earth,
• r = radius of the earth.
• h = height at which the body is from the surface of the earth.

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