define aerobic and anaerobic reaction
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Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration involve chemical reactionswhich take place in the cell to produce energy, which is needed for active processes. Aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria and requires oxygen and glucose, and produces carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
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Aerobic reactions are ones that require air, specifically oxygen. The most important of these is aerobic metabolism, which uses oxygen as the final electron acceptor in the reactions oxidizing sugars, fats and other carbon sources to CO2. This is the series of reactions that converts the chemical energy of the food we eat to energy that is usable by the cells in the body.
Anaerobic typically refers to energy gathering reactions that do not require oxygen, specifically fermentation based processes. These are far less efficient than the aerobic process, producing about 1/15th the energy per molecule of glucose. However, under low oxygen environments (e.g. bacteria when fermenting, or your muscles when you are exercising and they are out of oxygen), it is a way to produce at least some energy. The byproducts are typically either ethanol (alcohol) or lactic acid, the latter of which causes the burning sensation you feel in your muscles as you exercise.
Anaerobic typically refers to energy gathering reactions that do not require oxygen, specifically fermentation based processes. These are far less efficient than the aerobic process, producing about 1/15th the energy per molecule of glucose. However, under low oxygen environments (e.g. bacteria when fermenting, or your muscles when you are exercising and they are out of oxygen), it is a way to produce at least some energy. The byproducts are typically either ethanol (alcohol) or lactic acid, the latter of which causes the burning sensation you feel in your muscles as you exercise.
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