Question

Define and explain Charge on the complex.

Answer 1

Despite IUPAC's recommendation, we must remember that many chemists continue to use the word "complex" to indicate something that consists of a metal atom or ion in the center, surrounded by ligands.

i.e. a metal center plus ligands is commonly called a complex. Complexes can be positively charged, neutral, or negatively charged. The overall charge on the complex depends on the oxidation state of the metal and the charges brought by the ligands.

Example 1:
If a complex forms between an Fe2+ ion and six CN- ligands, the complex will have a -4 charge, and the formula is written [Fe(CN)6] 4-.

Example 2:
If a complex forms between an Ag+ ion and two NH3 ligands, the complex will have a +1 charge, and the formula is written [Ag(NH3)2] +.

For a different usage of "complex" in inorganic chemistry, see IUPAC Inorganic RULES (1970); Rule 2.24. See also activated complex, adduct, charge transfer complex, electron-donor-acceptor complex, encounter complex, inclusion complex, s-adduct, p-adduct, transition state.

Answer 2

The charge is the ion that is present on the element that can be donated to accept from other to complete the valence shell.

They are the number of electrons required to complete the shell.

There are mainly two types of charges electron acceptor or electron donor which can accept or donate the electrons to attain stability.