DEFINE AND GIVE EXAMPLE OF EACH ONE –WEEDICIDE, PESTICIDE,INSECTICIDE ,FERTILISER ,KHARIF AND RABI CROPS.
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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management
October 4, 2019 by Veerendra
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management PDF will assist you in scoring more marks. This includes 1 mark Questions, 2 Mark Questions, 3 Mark Numericals Questions, 5 Marks Numerical Questions, Multiple Choice Questions, and previous year questions from Crop Production and Management Chapter.
Topics and Sub Topics in Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management:
Section Name Topic Name
1 Crop Production and Management
1.1 Agricultural Practices
1.2 Basic Practices of Crop Production
1.3 Preparation of Soil
1.4 Sowing
1.5 Adding Manure and Fertilisers
1.6 Irrigation
1.7 Protection from Weeds
1.8 Harvesting
1.9 Storage
1.10 Food from Animals
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management
Crop Production and Management Class 8 Science NCERT Textbook Questions
Question 1.
Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.
float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation
(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called _____
(b) The first step before growing crops is _______ of the soil.
(c) Damaged seeds would ______ on top of the water.
(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and ______ and ______ from the soil are essential.
Answer:
(a) crop
(b) preparation
(c) float
(d) water, nutrients
Question 2.
Match items in column A with those in column B.
A B
(i) Kharif crops (a) Food for cattle
(ii) Rabi crops (b) Urea and superphosphate
(iii) Chemical fertilisers (c) Animal excreta, cow dung, urine and plant waste
(iv) Organic manure (d) Wheat, gram, pea
(e) Paddy and maize
Answer:
(i) (e)
(ii) (d)
(iii) (b)
(iv) (c)
Question 3.
Give two examples of each.
(a) Kharif crop
(b) Rabi crop
Answer:
(a) Kharif crop: Paddy and maize
(b) Rabi crop: Wheat and gram
Question 4.
Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.
(a) Preparation of soil
(b) Sowing
(c) Weeding
(d) Threshing
Answer:
(a) Preparation of soil: Soil preparation is necessary before growing a crop. It involves tilling and loosening the soil. This allows the roots to penetrate deep in the soil and to breath easily even when they are deep.
(b) Sowing: The process of putting seeds into the soil is called sowing. The tool used traditionally for sowing seeds is funnel-shaped. Nowadays a seed drill is used for sowing with the help of tractors. This tool sows the seed uniformly at a proper distance and depth.
(c) Weeding: Some undesirable plants grow along with crop and these unwanted plants are called weeds. The process of removing these unwanted plants is called weeding.
(d) Threshing: The process of separating the grain seeds from the chaff is called threshing.
Question 5.
Explain how fertilisers are different from manure.
Answer:
Fertilisers Manures
(i) A fertiliser is an inorganic salt. (i) Manure is a natural substance obtained by the decomposition of cattle dung, human waste and plant residues.
(ii) A fertiliser is prepared in factories. (ii) Manure can be prepared in the fields.
(iii) A fertiliser does not provide any humus to the soil. (iii) Manure provides a lot of humus to the soil.
(iv) Fertilisers are very rich in plant nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. (iv) Manure is relatively less rich in plant nutrients.
Question 6.
Question 8.
What are the weeds? How can we control them?
Answer:
The undesirable and unwanted plants which grow naturally along with the crop are called weeds. The growth of weeds can be controlled by adopting many ways. Tilling before sowing of crops helps in the uprooting and killing of weeds, which may then dry up and get mixed with the soil. Weeds are also controlled by using certain chemicals, called weedicides. Weedicides are sprayed in the fields to kill the weeds.
Question 5.
What are kharif crops?
Solution:
The crops which are sown in the rainy season and harvested in September/October are called kharif crops.
Question 8.
What are rabi crops?
Solution:
The crops which are grown in the winter season and harvested in March/April are called rabi crops.
Question 9.
(i) Kharif crop
(ii) Rahi crop
(b) Can you explain why most crops have a particular season in which they grow?
Solution:
(a) (i) Groundnut and cotton.
(ii) Pea and mustard.
(b) Most crops have a particular season in which they grow because different crops need different temperature, humidity and rainfall.
Question 9.
Chemicals which kill weeds are known as
(a) fertilizers
(b) pesticides
(c) weedicides
(d) none of these
Solution:
(c)