Question

Define Atomic number, atomic mass,isotope and isobar with example​

Answer 1

Answer:

i) Atomic number is the total number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom. It is also equal to the number of electrons for a neutral atom. Example, atomic number of sodium is 11.

ii) Mass number is the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus taken together. For example, mass number of sodium is 23 g/mol.

iii) Isotopes are elements with the same atomic number but different mass numbers. Example, hydrogen has 3 isotopes - protium (¹H1), deuterium (²H1) and tritium (³H1).

iv) Isobars are elemnts which have different atomic numbers but the same mass number. They are different chemical elements. Example, iron and nickel, both have mass number 58, whereas atomic numbers are different.

Uses of isotopes -

a) Some isotopes are used in the process of labelling for various studies. Like, isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen etc. are used for labelling process.

b) Used for nuclear imaging of various tissues for detection of diseases. fluorine-18, gallium-67 etc. are used for this purpose.