Question

define chlorine and there use

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Answer 1

chlorine is a halogen element that is isolated as a heavy greenish-yellow diatomic gas of pungent odor and is used especially as a bleach, oxidizing agent, and disinfectant in water purification

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Answer 2

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Define chlorine and its uses

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Definition :

a halogen element that is isolated as a heavy greenish-yellow diatomic gas of pungent odor and is used especially as a bleach, oxidizing agent, and disinfectant in water purification

Production :

Chlorine is produced from one of nature’s most plentiful and inexhaustible minerals—common salt, sodium chloride. Yes, the same white solid you sprinkle on your baked potato !

Chlorine is produced using the “chlor-alkali process”. In this process, electricity is applied to a solution of salt water, or brine. The electricity separates sodium from chloride. Chlorine gas, hydrogen gas and caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) solution are the “co-products” of the chlor-alkali process. Chlorine and caustic soda are building block compounds for thousands of useful products. Hydrogen can be recycled into the chlor-alkali process as a zero-emission fuel.

Uses :

Chlorine is used in many ways :-

1. Chlorine is used (generally a particular compound of chlorine) to kill bacteria in drinking water and swimming pools. It is also used in disinfectants and bleach for the same reason. Chlorine is very effect against e coli bacteria.
2. While not used as often today, some armed forces still use chlorine as a poison gas. It is more regularly used by terrorist groups.
3. Chlorine is used to make plastics.
4. PVC (polyvinyl chloride) is made from chlorine. PVC is used to make clothing, flooring, electrical cables, flexible hoses and tubings, figurines (statues), waterbeds and inflatable structures. Also, PVC is now being used to make ceiling tiles.
5. Chlorine is used in bromine extraction.
6. Methyl chloride, another important compound of chlorine, is used as an anesthetic. It is also used to make certain silicone polymers and is used to extract greases, oils and resins.
7. Chloroform, which contains chlorine, is used as a common solvent in science laboratories. It is also used to kill maggots in an animal’s wounds.
8. Trichloroethylene is used to degrease metal parts.

Analysis :

Free chlorine may be recognized by its smell, its colour, and its characteristic reaction with mercury to produce white mercury dichloride (HgCl2). Tests for chloride ions are :-

1. The formation of a white precipitate of silver chloride (AgCl) on addition of silver nitrate (AgNO3) in dilute nitric acid (HNO3). (This precipitate is soluble in the presence of ammonia.)
2. The formation of chromyl chloride (CrO2Cl2), a red gas, by heating a solid sample with potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) and concentrated sulfuric acid. When chromyl chloride is passed into water, a yellow chromate solution forms (bromides and iodides do not form analogous compounds).
3. The evolution of free chlorine by heating the sample with manganese dioxide (MnO2) and concentrated sulfuric acid.

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